CIVL439/WOOD476 2003 Words and Expressions Nail 钉 Timber Connections Spike 长钉 Bolt 棋栓 Lag screw拉力蝶钉，“麻花钉 Prof.He Minjuan Glulam rivet胶合木钉，“扇钉” Truss plate齿板 Tongji University,Shanghai China Words and Expressions 园 Timber Connections Split ring裂环 .Keep in mind Shear plate约盘 Wood has a very low sheat streneth Compression properties are very favourable The moral of the story is therefore: Avoid complex com Timber Connections Typical Timber Fastener Capacities Fastener type Lateral Capacity Nails Glulam rivets Lag Screws Bolts Split Rings 1CIVL439 / WOOD476 2003 1 Timber Connections Prof. He Minjuan Tongji University, Shanghai China Words and Expressions Nail 钉 Spike 长钉 Bolt 螺栓 Lag screw 拉力螺钉,“麻花钉” Glulam rivet 胶合木钉,“扁钉” Truss plate 齿板 Words and Expressions Split ring 裂环 Shear plate 剪盘 Timber Connections  Keep in mind: • Wood has a very low tension perpendicular strength • Wood has a very low shear strength • Compression properties are very favourable  The moral of the story is therefore: • Avoid complex connections, especially those that induce tension perpendicular and shear stresses • Aim for compression connections as much as possible Timber Connections steel columns dimension lumber joists heavy steel bracket to connect atrium trusses riveted heavy steel bracket toe nailed joists nailed light metal hangers heavy steel support bracket Typical Timber Fastener Capacities Fastener type Lateral Capacity (parallel to grain) min. max. Nails 132 N (30 lb) 1” common, SPF 3,000 N (675 lb) 6” common, D-Fir Glulam Rivets 1560 N (351 lb) 40 mm, Spruce GL 2,700 N (608 lb) 90 mm, D.Fir-L Lag Screws 1540 N (347 lb) ¼”, 70 mm, North 15,100 N (3,400 lb) ¾”, 171 mm, D.Fir Bolts 2170 N (488 lb) ½”, 38 mm, North 21,000 N (4,725 lb) 1”, 191 mm, D.Fir-L Split Rings Shear Plates 12,600 N (2835 lb) 2 ½” split ring, Northern species 36,800 N (8,280 lb) 4”, shear pl., 7/8” bolt, D.Fir-L