正在加载图片...
Fe iron( ferrum coppe g mercury( hydrargyrum Pb lead(plumbum 3.离子化合物命名( Names of ionic compounds) (1) positive ions(cations a.单原子离子 monatomIc ion Na sodium ion zInc Ion Al+ aluminum ion b.不同电荷的阳离子 Cations of differing charges Fez+ iron(II) ion (ferrous ion) Cu copper(I)ion(cuprous ion Cu- copper(II) ion(cupric ion c.非金属原子形成的阳离子 Cations formed from nonmetal atoms以-um结尾(形成 多原子离子, Polyatomic MH H3O hydronium ion (2)negative ions(anions) a. monatomic anions:以-ide结尾 H hydride ion 0-- oxide ion N- nitride ion 少数简单的多原子阴离子也以-ide结尾 OH hydroxide ion cn cyanide ion oxide ion b. polyatomic anions:以-ate或-ite结尾 NO3 nitrate SO42-sulfate NO, nitrite SO3- sulfite CIO4 perchlorate CIO: chlorate ClO, chlorite ion Clo hypochlorite ion c. anions derived by adding h to an oxyanio 加 hydrogen或 dihydrogen HCO3 hydrogen carbonate ion H2PO4 dihydrogen phosphate ion 旧的方法也用bi-前缀来表示:HSO4 bisulfate ion Hco3 bicarbonate ion (3)the name of ionic compounds BaBr? barium bromide Al(NO3 )3 aluminum nitrate Cu(cio)4 copper(il) perchlorate(cupric perchlorate) 4.酸的命名( Names of acides) (1)无氧酸(即阴离子以-ide结尾的酸) 前缀 hydro-+元素名称+后缀- ic acid HCI hydrochloric acid H2s hydrosulfuric acid (2)含氧酸( oxyacids) HCIO4 perchloric acid HCIO3 chloric acid HCIO chlorous acid HCio hypochlorous acid 5.二元分子化合物的命名( Names of binany molecular compounds) (1)数字前缀:mono-(1)、di-(2)、tri-(3)、ta(4)、 penta-(5)、hexa-(6)、 hepta-(7) octa-(8)、nona-(9)、deca-(10)4 Fe iron(ferrum) Cu copper(cuprum) Sn tin(stannum) Hg mercury(hydrargyrum) Pb lead(plumbum) Sb antimony(stibium) 3.离子化合物命名(Names of ionic compounds) (1) positive ions (cations) a.单原子离子 monatomic ion Na+ sodium ion Zn2+ zinc ion Al3+ aluminum ion b.不同电荷的阳离子 Cations of differing charges Fe2+ iron(II) ion (ferrous ion) Cu+ copper(I) ion(cuprous ion) Fe3+ iron (III) ion (ferric ion) Cu2+ copper(II) ion(cupric ion) c.非金属原子形成的阳离子 Cations formed from nonmetal atoms 以-ium 结尾(形成 多原子离子,Polyatomic ions) MH4 + ammonium ion H3O + hydronium ion (2) negative ions (anions) a.monatomic anions:以-ide 结尾 H - hydride ion O2− oxide ion N3− nitride ion 少数简单的多原子阴离子也以-ide 结尾 OH- hydroxide ion CN- cyanide ion O2 2− peroxide ion b.polyatomic anions:以-ate 或–ite 结尾 NO3 - nitrate SO4 2− sulfate NO2 - nitrite SO3 2− sulfite ClO4 - perchlorate ClO3 - chlorate, ClO2 - chlorite ion ClO- hypochlorite ion c.anions derived by adding H+ to an oxyanion 加 hydrogen 或 dihydrogen HCO3 - hydrogen carbonate ion H2PO4 - dihydrogen phosphate ion 旧的方法也用 bi-前缀来表示:HSO4 - bisulfate ion HCO3 − bicarbonate ion (3) the name of ionic compounds BaBr2 barium bromide Al(NO3)3 aluminum nitrate Cu(ClO)4 copper(II) perchlorate (cupric perchlorate) 4.酸的命名(Names of acides) (1) 无氧酸(即阴离子以-ide 结尾的酸) 前缀 hydro- + 元素名称 + 后缀-ic acid HCl hydrochloric acid H2S hydrosulfuric acid (2) 含氧酸 (oxyacids) HClO4 perchloric acid HClO3 chloric acid HClO2 chlorous acid HClO hypochlorous acid 5.二元分子化合物的命名(Names of binany molecular compounds) (1) 数字前缀:mono-(1)、di-(2)、tri-(3)、tetra-(4)、penta-(5)、hexa-(6)、hepta- (7)、 octa-(8)、nona-(9)、deca-(10)
<<向上翻页向下翻页>>
©2008-现在 cucdc.com 高等教育资讯网 版权所有