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D0L:10.13374f.issn1001-053x.2011.11.004 第33卷第11期 北京科技大学学报 Vol.33 No.11 2011年11月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Now.2011 离子液体酸催化小球藻油脂转化生物柴油 尹春华) 徐 佩” 何欢聚” 贾 璇) 王海鸥) 姜泽毅) 王 戈2) 张欣欣》 闫 海)回 1)北京科技大学化学与生物工程学院,北京1000832)北京科技大学机械工程学院,北京100083 区通信作者,E-mail:haiyant@usth.cu.cn 摘要以提取得到的小球藻(USTB-01)油脂为原料,采用离子液体酸([C,MIm]HSO,)为催化剂,研究了通过酯交换反应 制备生物柴油的适宜条件,并采用气相色谱一质谱联用仪(GC$)对小球藻油脂及所制备的生物柴油的脂肪酸组成进行了分 析测定.结果表明,研磨破碎藻细胞壁能显著提高索氏法提取藻脂的提取率,石油醚是最适宜的提取溶剂.提取得到的小球 藻脂富含C16和C18脂肪酸.藻脂转化生物柴油的适宜条件是:醇油摩尔比为9:1,催化剂用量占藻脂质量的8%,反应时间 为6,反应温度为150℃.在此条件下,生物柴油的产率为64%.气质联用仪(GC-MS)分析表明该生物柴油主要成分为棕榈 酸(C16:0)甲酯和不饱和的亚油酸(C18:2)甲酯,是可行的石化柴油替代品 关键词小球藻:离子液体酸:酯交换反应:生物柴油 分类号S216.3 Conversion of Chlorella oil to biodiesel catalyzed by bronsted acid ionic liquid YIN Chun-hua”,XU Pei"',HE Huanju',JIA Xuan”,WANG Hai--ou”,JIANG Ze-》,WANG Ge2,ZHANG Xin-xin2, YAN Hai) 1)School of Chemical and Biological Engineering.University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 2)School of Mechanical Engineering.University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:haiyan@ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT Suitable conditions for biodiesel synthesis by the transesterification of lipid were studied by using microalgal oil extrac- ted from Chlorella USTB-01 cells as feedstock and bronsted acid ionic liquid ([C MIm]HSO)as a catalyst.Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)was used to determine fatty acids in the microalgal oil and its derived biodiesel.The results indicate that break- ing the algae cell wall by grinding can significantly improve the extraction yield of algal lipid using Soxhlet extraction method;among the solvents tested,petroleum ether is the best solvent for the extraction.The major components of Chlorella USTB-01 oil are fatty acids containing C16 and C18.The optimum conditions for synthesizing the microalgae biodiesel are as follows:the molar ratio of methanol to the microalgae oil is 9:1,the dosage of the catalyst accounts for 8%of the mass of the microalgae oil,the reaction temperature is 150 C and the reaction time is 6h.Under this condition,the yield of biodiesel can reach 64%.GC-MS analysis shows that biodiesel from Chlorella USTB-01 oil is mainly composed of methyl esters of saturated fatty acid (C16:0)and unsaturated fatty acid (C18:2).The product is feasible to supplement fossil diesel fuel. KEY WORDS Chlorella:acidic ionic liquid:transesterification:biodiesel 1988年以来,许多国家开始将生物柴油作为传 脂含量高等优点,是合成生物柴油的理想原料习, 统石化柴油的替代品加以利用,但是由于较高的原 在众多微藻中,某些小球藻同时具备光照自养和无 材料成本使得生物柴油的价格高于传统柴油),因 光照异养双重生长能力,并在异养生长条件下可获 此选取低成本油脂资源来生产生物柴油是国内外的 得高油脂含量,因而得到广泛关注 研究热点.微藻具有光合作用效率高、生长快和油 生产生物柴油最常用的方法是酯交换法,酯交 收稿日期:2010-11-24 基金项目:中央高校基本科研业务费(FRF一ASO9O03A):北京市教委共建项目资助第 33 卷 第 11 期 2011 年 11 月 北京科技大学学报 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol. 33 No. 11 Nov. 2011 离子液体酸催化小球藻油脂转化生物柴油 尹春华1) 徐 佩1) 何欢聚1) 贾 璇1) 王海鸥1) 姜泽毅2) 王 戈2) 张欣欣2) 闫 海1) 1) 北京科技大学化学与生物工程学院,北京 100083 2) 北京科技大学机械工程学院,北京 100083 通信作者,E-mail: haiyan@ ustb. edu. cn 摘 要 以提取得到的小球藻( USTB--01) 油脂为原料,采用离子液体酸( [C4 MIm]HSO4 ) 为催化剂,研究了通过酯交换反应 制备生物柴油的适宜条件,并采用气相色谱--质谱联用仪( GC--MS) 对小球藻油脂及所制备的生物柴油的脂肪酸组成进行了分 析测定. 结果表明,研磨破碎藻细胞壁能显著提高索氏法提取藻脂的提取率,石油醚是最适宜的提取溶剂. 提取得到的小球 藻脂富含 C16 和 C18 脂肪酸. 藻脂转化生物柴油的适宜条件是: 醇油摩尔比为 9∶ 1,催化剂用量占藻脂质量的 8% ,反应时间 为 6 h,反应温度为 150 ℃ . 在此条件下,生物柴油的产率为 64% . 气质联用仪( GC--MS) 分析表明该生物柴油主要成分为棕榈 酸( C16: 0) 甲酯和不饱和的亚油酸( C18: 2) 甲酯,是可行的石化柴油替代品. 关键词 小球藻; 离子液体酸; 酯交换反应; 生物柴油 分类号 S 216. 3 Conversion of Chlorella oil to biodiesel catalyzed by bronsted acid ionic liquid YIN Chun-hua1) ,XU Pei 1) ,HE Huan-ju1) ,JIA Xuan1) ,WANG Hai-ou1) ,JIANG Ze-yi 2) ,WANG Ge 2) ,ZHANG Xin-xin2) , YAN Hai 1) 1) School of Chemical and Biological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 2) School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail: haiyan@ ustb. edu. cn ABSTRACT Suitable conditions for biodiesel synthesis by the transesterification of lipid were studied by using microalgal oil extrac￾ted from Chlorella USTB-01 cells as feedstock and bronsted acid ionic liquid ( [C4MIm]HSO4 ) as a catalyst. Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry ( GC-MS) was used to determine fatty acids in the microalgal oil and its derived biodiesel. The results indicate that break￾ing the algae cell wall by grinding can significantly improve the extraction yield of algal lipid using Soxhlet extraction method; among the solvents tested,petroleum ether is the best solvent for the extraction. The major components of Chlorella USTB-01 oil are fatty acids containing C16 and C18. The optimum conditions for synthesizing the microalgae biodiesel are as follows: the molar ratio of methanol to the microalgae oil is 9∶ 1,the dosage of the catalyst accounts for 8% of the mass of the microalgae oil,the reaction temperature is 150 ℃ and the reaction time is 6 h. Under this condition,the yield of biodiesel can reach 64% . GC-MS analysis shows that biodiesel from Chlorella USTB-01 oil is mainly composed of methyl esters of saturated fatty acid ( C16: 0) and unsaturated fatty acid ( C18: 2) . The product is feasible to supplement fossil diesel fuel. KEY WORDS Chlorella; acidic ionic liquid; transesterification; biodiesel 收稿日期: 2010--11--24 基金项目: 中央高校基本科研业务费( FRF--AS--09--003A) ; 北京市教委共建项目资助 1988 年以来,许多国家开始将生物柴油作为传 统石化柴油的替代品加以利用,但是由于较高的原 材料成本使得生物柴油的价格高于传统柴油[1],因 此选取低成本油脂资源来生产生物柴油是国内外的 研究热点. 微藻具有光合作用效率高、生长快和油 脂含量高等优点,是合成生物柴油的理想原料[2--3]. 在众多微藻中,某些小球藻同时具备光照自养和无 光照异养双重生长能力,并在异养生长条件下可获 得高油脂含量,因而得到广泛关注[4--5]. 生产生物柴油最常用的方法是酯交换法,酯交 DOI:10.13374/j.issn1001-053x.2011.11.004
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