D0L:10.13374f.issn1001-053x.2011.11.004 第33卷第11期 北京科技大学学报 Vol.33 No.11 2011年11月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Now.2011 离子液体酸催化小球藻油脂转化生物柴油 尹春华) 徐 佩” 何欢聚” 贾 璇) 王海鸥) 姜泽毅) 王 戈2) 张欣欣》 闫 海)回 1)北京科技大学化学与生物工程学院,北京1000832)北京科技大学机械工程学院,北京100083 区通信作者,E-mail:haiyant@usth.cu.cn 摘要以提取得到的小球藻(USTB-01)油脂为原料,采用离子液体酸([C,MIm]HSO,)为催化剂,研究了通过酯交换反应 制备生物柴油的适宜条件,并采用气相色谱一质谱联用仪(GC$)对小球藻油脂及所制备的生物柴油的脂肪酸组成进行了分 析测定.结果表明,研磨破碎藻细胞壁能显著提高索氏法提取藻脂的提取率,石油醚是最适宜的提取溶剂.提取得到的小球 藻脂富含C16和C18脂肪酸.藻脂转化生物柴油的适宜条件是:醇油摩尔比为9:1,催化剂用量占藻脂质量的8%,反应时间 为6,反应温度为150℃.在此条件下,生物柴油的产率为64%.气质联用仪(GC-MS)分析表明该生物柴油主要成分为棕榈 酸(C16:0)甲酯和不饱和的亚油酸(C18:2)甲酯,是可行的石化柴油替代品 关键词小球藻:离子液体酸:酯交换反应:生物柴油 分类号S216.3 Conversion of Chlorella oil to biodiesel catalyzed by bronsted acid ionic liquid YIN Chun-hua”,XU Pei"',HE Huanju',JIA Xuan”,WANG Hai--ou”,JIANG Ze-》,WANG Ge2,ZHANG Xin-xin2, YAN Hai) 1)School of Chemical and Biological Engineering.University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 2)School of Mechanical Engineering.University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:haiyan@ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT Suitable conditions for biodiesel synthesis by the transesterification of lipid were studied by using microalgal oil extrac- ted from Chlorella USTB-01 cells as feedstock and bronsted acid ionic liquid ([C MIm]HSO)as a catalyst.Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)was used to determine fatty acids in the microalgal oil and its derived biodiesel.The results indicate that break- ing the algae cell wall by grinding can significantly improve the extraction yield of algal lipid using Soxhlet extraction method;among the solvents tested,petroleum ether is the best solvent for the extraction.The major components of Chlorella USTB-01 oil are fatty acids containing C16 and C18.The optimum conditions for synthesizing the microalgae biodiesel are as follows:the molar ratio of methanol to the microalgae oil is 9:1,the dosage of the catalyst accounts for 8%of the mass of the microalgae oil,the reaction temperature is 150 C and the reaction time is 6h.Under this condition,the yield of biodiesel can reach 64%.GC-MS analysis shows that biodiesel from Chlorella USTB-01 oil is mainly composed of methyl esters of saturated fatty acid (C16:0)and unsaturated fatty acid (C18:2).The product is feasible to supplement fossil diesel fuel. KEY WORDS Chlorella:acidic ionic liquid:transesterification:biodiesel 1988年以来,许多国家开始将生物柴油作为传 脂含量高等优点,是合成生物柴油的理想原料习, 统石化柴油的替代品加以利用,但是由于较高的原 在众多微藻中,某些小球藻同时具备光照自养和无 材料成本使得生物柴油的价格高于传统柴油),因 光照异养双重生长能力,并在异养生长条件下可获 此选取低成本油脂资源来生产生物柴油是国内外的 得高油脂含量,因而得到广泛关注 研究热点.微藻具有光合作用效率高、生长快和油 生产生物柴油最常用的方法是酯交换法,酯交 收稿日期:2010-11-24 基金项目:中央高校基本科研业务费(FRF一ASO9O03A):北京市教委共建项目资助第 33 卷 第 11 期 2011 年 11 月 北京科技大学学报 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol. 33 No. 11 Nov. 2011 离子液体酸催化小球藻油脂转化生物柴油 尹春华1) 徐 佩1) 何欢聚1) 贾 璇1) 王海鸥1) 姜泽毅2) 王 戈2) 张欣欣2) 闫 海1) 1) 北京科技大学化学与生物工程学院,北京 100083 2) 北京科技大学机械工程学院,北京 100083 通信作者,E-mail: haiyan@ ustb. edu. cn 摘 要 以提取得到的小球藻( USTB--01) 油脂为原料,采用离子液体酸( [C4 MIm]HSO4 ) 为催化剂,研究了通过酯交换反应 制备生物柴油的适宜条件,并采用气相色谱--质谱联用仪( GC--MS) 对小球藻油脂及所制备的生物柴油的脂肪酸组成进行了分 析测定. 结果表明,研磨破碎藻细胞壁能显著提高索氏法提取藻脂的提取率,石油醚是最适宜的提取溶剂. 提取得到的小球 藻脂富含 C16 和 C18 脂肪酸. 藻脂转化生物柴油的适宜条件是: 醇油摩尔比为 9∶ 1,催化剂用量占藻脂质量的 8% ,反应时间 为 6 h,反应温度为 150 ℃ . 在此条件下,生物柴油的产率为 64% . 气质联用仪( GC--MS) 分析表明该生物柴油主要成分为棕榈 酸( C16: 0) 甲酯和不饱和的亚油酸( C18: 2) 甲酯,是可行的石化柴油替代品. 关键词 小球藻; 离子液体酸; 酯交换反应; 生物柴油 分类号 S 216. 3 Conversion of Chlorella oil to biodiesel catalyzed by bronsted acid ionic liquid YIN Chun-hua1) ,XU Pei 1) ,HE Huan-ju1) ,JIA Xuan1) ,WANG Hai-ou1) ,JIANG Ze-yi 2) ,WANG Ge 2) ,ZHANG Xin-xin2) , YAN Hai 1) 1) School of Chemical and Biological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 2) School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail: haiyan@ ustb. edu. cn ABSTRACT Suitable conditions for biodiesel synthesis by the transesterification of lipid were studied by using microalgal oil extracted from Chlorella USTB-01 cells as feedstock and bronsted acid ionic liquid ( [C4MIm]HSO4 ) as a catalyst. Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry ( GC-MS) was used to determine fatty acids in the microalgal oil and its derived biodiesel. The results indicate that breaking the algae cell wall by grinding can significantly improve the extraction yield of algal lipid using Soxhlet extraction method; among the solvents tested,petroleum ether is the best solvent for the extraction. The major components of Chlorella USTB-01 oil are fatty acids containing C16 and C18. The optimum conditions for synthesizing the microalgae biodiesel are as follows: the molar ratio of methanol to the microalgae oil is 9∶ 1,the dosage of the catalyst accounts for 8% of the mass of the microalgae oil,the reaction temperature is 150 ℃ and the reaction time is 6 h. Under this condition,the yield of biodiesel can reach 64% . GC-MS analysis shows that biodiesel from Chlorella USTB-01 oil is mainly composed of methyl esters of saturated fatty acid ( C16: 0) and unsaturated fatty acid ( C18: 2) . The product is feasible to supplement fossil diesel fuel. KEY WORDS Chlorella; acidic ionic liquid; transesterification; biodiesel 收稿日期: 2010--11--24 基金项目: 中央高校基本科研业务费( FRF--AS--09--003A) ; 北京市教委共建项目资助 1988 年以来,许多国家开始将生物柴油作为传 统石化柴油的替代品加以利用,但是由于较高的原 材料成本使得生物柴油的价格高于传统柴油[1],因 此选取低成本油脂资源来生产生物柴油是国内外的 研究热点. 微藻具有光合作用效率高、生长快和油 脂含量高等优点,是合成生物柴油的理想原料[2--3]. 在众多微藻中,某些小球藻同时具备光照自养和无 光照异养双重生长能力,并在异养生长条件下可获 得高油脂含量,因而得到广泛关注[4--5]. 生产生物柴油最常用的方法是酯交换法,酯交 DOI:10.13374/j.issn1001-053x.2011.11.004