Introduction Contrary to tariff measures (duties)which are normally transparent,non-tariff barriers (NTBs) are often more difficult to detect because they can be“hidden”in rules and practices that have a perfectly legitimate objective. Furthermore,NTBs can have more trade- restrictive effects than tariffs,which raise the cost of a given product,and go as far as excluding a good from a market altogether. 制行运行贸易大孝Introduction Introduction contrary to tariff measures (duties) which are ontrary to tariff measures (duties) which are normally transparent, non normally transparent, non -tariff barriers (NTBs) tariff barriers (NTBs) are often more difficult to detect because they are often more difficult to detect because they can be “hidden”in rules and practices that in rules and practices that have a perfectly legitimate objective. have a perfectly legitimate objective. Furthermore, NTBs can have more trade Furthermore, NTBs can have more trade- - restrictive effects than tariffs, which raise the restrictive effects than tariffs, which raise the cost of a given product, and go as far as cost of a given product, and go as far as excluding a good from a market altogether. excluding a good from a market altogether