Energies 2015,8 11012 markedly different during different seasons [151].Consequently,conducting occupant-related energy research during different seasons could foreseeably lead to dramatically different results.Further studies are therefore recommended to consider the effect of ambient temperature on built environments and their occupants'energy consumption activities.Such studies could,for example,examine two groups of occupants who are residents of the same commercial building and have similar energy behavior characteristics;the studies could evaluate the difference in these groups'behaviors during two different seasons.Such results would offer an appropriate mode for addressing temperature-related issues in this discussion. Another area prime for analysis is the role of building size on occupant energy use.Occupant energy-use behaviors vary according to building size [73].In a small building,occupants typically have more control over different appliances,and therefore they are more engaged in energy-saving behavior. However,in a large building,building management systems typically control more appliances.We found that current research mainly focused on small-and medium-sized offices;however,there are very few papers that examine large-sized office or other such large-scale cases.Therefore,we recommend that researchers next evaluate the influence of building size on occupants'energy behavior. Another point that is well-represented in the literature is the role of permanent occupants in commercial buildings'energy consumption.However,temporary occupants have the potential to influence occupancy-related energy consumption.Permanent occupants are those who work full-time in buildings,whereas temporary occupants are less often in the buildings.For example,in a case study of a university building,Klein et al.[63]considered faculty and staff as permanent occupants and students as temporary occupants;what is particularly interesting about these designations in Klein et al.'s study is that the number of people in the temporary group was eight times as populous as that of the permanent group.This difference between the numbers of people in each group highlights the significant role temporary occupants have on the total occupant energy-use.Therefore,dividing occupants into permanent and temporary groups and finding the energy-related role of temporary groups is recommended for future research. The process of planning occupant group activities according to the total energy efficiency of a building to save energy is a concept known as a green schedule.Future research into green schedules could provide energy-saving recommendations and policies for a series of commercial buildings specific occupant-related activities.A case study that did address these options indicated that changing the time and location of meetings can save energy in commercial buildings [63].Therefore,detecting the different kind of occupant group activities in a commercial building and suggesting green schedule options for such activities(i.e.,schedules targeting energy savings)would be a valuable topic for future research.Such studies could provide general policies to higher-level management in commercial buildings to save energy by green planning. Furthermore,future work should be undertaken to consider the effect different occupant characteristics have on energy consumption.Age,educational level,gender,and nationality are all occupant characteristics that influence energy behavior [28,152-154].Such characteristics could greatly impact occupant energy-saving adoption and the relevant intervention methods.However,the current literature has generally failed to consider the significance of these kinds of characteristics.Conducting research specifically to examine the influence of such characteristics is therefore recommended for further studies.Energies 2015, 8 11012 markedly different during different seasons [151]. Consequently, conducting occupant-related energy research during different seasons could foreseeably lead to dramatically different results. Further studies are therefore recommended to consider the effect of ambient temperature on built environments and their occupants’ energy consumption activities. Such studies could, for example, examine two groups of occupants who are residents of the same commercial building and have similar energy behavior characteristics; the studies could evaluate the difference in these groups’ behaviors during two different seasons. Such results would offer an appropriate mode for addressing temperature-related issues in this discussion. Another area prime for analysis is the role of building size on occupant energy use. Occupant energy-use behaviors vary according to building size [73]. In a small building, occupants typically have more control over different appliances, and therefore they are more engaged in energy-saving behavior. However, in a large building, building management systems typically control more appliances. We found that current research mainly focused on small- and medium-sized offices; however, there are very few papers that examine large-sized office or other such large-scale cases. Therefore, we recommend that researchers next evaluate the influence of building size on occupants’ energy behavior. Another point that is well-represented in the literature is the role of permanent occupants in commercial buildings’ energy consumption. However, temporary occupants have the potential to influence occupancy-related energy consumption. Permanent occupants are those who work full-time in buildings, whereas temporary occupants are less often in the buildings. For example, in a case study of a university building, Klein et al. [63] considered faculty and staff as permanent occupants and students as temporary occupants; what is particularly interesting about these designations in Klein et al.’s study is that the number of people in the temporary group was eight times as populous as that of the permanent group. This difference between the numbers of people in each group highlights the significant role temporary occupants have on the total occupant energy-use. Therefore, dividing occupants into permanent and temporary groups and finding the energy-related role of temporary groups is recommended for future research. The process of planning occupant group activities according to the total energy efficiency of a building to save energy is a concept known as a green schedule. Future research into green schedules could provide energy-saving recommendations and policies for a series of commercial buildings’ specific occupant-related activities. A case study that did address these options indicated that changing the time and location of meetings can save energy in commercial buildings [63]. Therefore, detecting the different kind of occupant group activities in a commercial building and suggesting green schedule options for such activities (i.e., schedules targeting energy savings) would be a valuable topic for future research. Such studies could provide general policies to higher-level management in commercial buildings to save energy by green planning. Furthermore, future work should be undertaken to consider the effect different occupant characteristics have on energy consumption. Age, educational level, gender, and nationality are all occupant characteristics that influence energy behavior [28,152–154]. Such characteristics could greatly impact occupant energy-saving adoption and the relevant intervention methods. However, the current literature has generally failed to consider the significance of these kinds of characteristics. Conducting research specifically to examine the influence of such characteristics is therefore recommended for further studies