·934 北京科技大学学报 第35卷 很小（西卡和醚类为65mm,酯类为90mm),严重 3(11):135 影响聚羧酸减水剂的分散效果. [8 Yamada K,Takahashi T,Hanehara S,et al.Effects of the (2)加入硫化钠后溶液pH值增大，降低了氧化 chemical structure on the properties of polycarboxylate- type superplasticizer.Cem Concr Res,2000,30(2):197 铁对聚羧酸阴离子的专性吸附，吸附在水泥等胶凝 [9]Flatt R J,Houst Y F.A simplified view on chemical effects 材料上的聚羧酸减水剂的含量可以相对提高，流动 perturbing the action of superplasticizers.Cem Concr 度提高50mm左右. Res,2001,31(8):1169 (3)粉煤灰中氧化铁含量对（电位有很大影响， [10 Shang Y,Miao C W,Liu J P,et al.Effects of gypsum on 氧化铁含量越多，C电位绝对值愈小，分散性愈差： the adsorption of polycarboxylic superplasticizer on the 当加入硫化钠后，（电位的绝对值有所的提高. surface of cement particles.J Build Mater.2010.13(4): 492 (④)高氧化铁粉煤灰对聚羧酸减水剂的吸附性 (尚燕，缪昌文，刘加平，等.石膏对水泥表面吸附聚羧酸系 大大高于普通粉煤灰：普通粉煤灰中氧化铁含量增 超塑化剂的影响.建筑材料学报，2010,13(4)：492) 大，对聚羧酸减水剂的吸附量增加 [11]Zhang J Y.Study on the Properties of High Iron Fly-ash (⑤)红外光谱实验结果表明，硫化钠的加入降 and the Absorption of Cement-based Composite Materials 低了高氧化铁粉煤灰与水泥对聚羧酸减水剂的竞争 Dissertation].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2010 (张建业.高铁粉煤灰特性及其水泥基复合材料吸波性研究 吸附 [学位论文].重庆：重庆大学，2010) [12]Shao Z C,Chen J F.Study on ion adsorption characteris- 参考文献 tics of some iron oxides.Acta Pedol Sin,1984,21(2):153 (邵宗臣，陈家坊.几种氧化铁的离子吸附特性研究.土壤 [1]Sun Z P,Jiang Z W,Wang P M,et al.The adaptability 学报，1984,21(2)：153) between additives and cement/admixture in ready-mixed 13 Tang H Y.Effects of Organic Acid on Phosphor Trans- concrete.Ready Mired Concr,2004(1):11 portation or Release in Water-Soil Interface in Water (孙振平，蒋正武，王培铭，等.商品混凝土中外加剂与水 Level Fluctuating Zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir 泥/掺合料适应性的研究.商品混凝土，2004(1)：11) and Its Mechanism Research [Dissertation].Chongqing: [2]Wu X M,Wen Z Y,Fan Y M.Rheological investiga- Southwest Agricultural University,2005 tion into compatibility of cement and superplasticizers (唐海燕.有机酸对三峡库区消落区土壤-水界面磷释放的 J South China Univ Technol Nat Sci.2008.36(7):117 影响及机理研究学位论].重庆：西南农业大学，2005) (吴笑梅。文梓云，樊粤明.水泥与减水剂相容性的流变学 [14]Yao S H,Liu D,Shi Z L.Treatment of wastewater con- 研究.华南理工大学学报：自然科学版，2008,36(7)：117) taining phosphate by fly ash adsorbent loaded with ferri- [3]Zhou Y H,Lin D,Luo Y F,et al.Research on the compat- hydrite.Chin J Process Eng,2008,8(5):882 ibility of cement and superplasticizer.Guangdong Build (姚淑华，刘丹，石中亮.粉煤灰负载水合氧化铁处理含磷 Mater,2007(6):12 (V)废水.过程工程学报，2008,8(5)：882) (周永辉，林东，罗云峰，等。聚羧酸系减水剂与水泥相容性 [15]Wu F,Li L M,Yang C H.Study of adsorption and po- 的研究.广东建材，2007(6)：12) tential of polycarboxylate and naphthalene compounded [4]Xia Y J,Zhang D K.Factors of influence the compatibil- superplasticizer.Chem Mater Constr,2005.21(5):53 ity of cement and additives.China Cem,2007(3):51 (吴芳，李乐民，杨长辉.聚羧酸系与萘系复合高效减水剂 (夏元军，张大康。影响水泥与外加剂相容性的因素.中国 的吸附特性及（电位研究.化学建材，2005,21（⑤）：53) 水泥，2007(3)：51) [16]Wang Z M.Polycarborylate Superplasticizer:Prepara- 5]Li H T,Jia T K.Effect of the control of cement quality tion,Properties and Applications.Beijing:China Build- on adaptability of the cement and additives.Bull Chin ing Industry Press,2009 Ceram Soc,2010,29(5):1217 (任子明.聚羧酸系高性能减水剂：制备·性能与应用.北 (李海涛，贾铁昆.水泥生产质量控制对水泥与外加剂适应 京：中国建筑工业出版社，2009) 性的影响.硅酸盐通报，2010,29(5)：1217） [17]Wang Z M,Zhang R Y.The performance of polycarboxy- [6]Zhou X J,Chang Q S,Wang H Y.Effect of plus sulfate on late superplasticizer and its mechanism of action of high admixtures character.Shanxi Archit,2009,35(19):174 charge density /1st International Conference on Poly- (周学军，常青山，王洪勇.外加硫酸盐对外加剂性能的影 carborylate Superplasticizer and Application Technology. 响.山西建筑，2009,35(19)：174) Beijing,2005:190 [7 Yamada K,Hanahara S.Interaction mechanism of cement (王子明，张瑞艳.高电荷密度聚羧酸高效减水剂的性能及 and superplasticizers:the roles of polymer adsorption and 其作用机理的研究//第一届全国聚羧酸系高性能减水剂及 ionic conditions of aqueous phase.Concr Sci Eng,2001, 其应用技术经验交流会.北京，2005：190)· 934 · 北 京 科 技 大 学 学 报 第 35 卷 很小 (西卡和醚类为 65 mm，酯类为 90 mm)，严重 影响聚羧酸减水剂的分散效果. (2) 加入硫化钠后溶液 pH 值增大，降低了氧化 铁对聚羧酸阴离子的专性吸附，吸附在水泥等胶凝 材料上的聚羧酸减水剂的含量可以相对提高，流动 度提高 50 mm 左右. (3) 粉煤灰中氧化铁含量对 ζ 电位有很大影响， 氧化铁含量越多，ζ 电位绝对值愈小，分散性愈差； 当加入硫化钠后，ζ 电位的绝对值有所的提高. (4) 高氧化铁粉煤灰对聚羧酸减水剂的吸附性 大大高于普通粉煤灰；普通粉煤灰中氧化铁含量增 大，对聚羧酸减水剂的吸附量增加. (5) 红外光谱实验结果表明，硫化钠的加入降 低了高氧化铁粉煤灰与水泥对聚羧酸减水剂的竞争 吸附. 参 考 文 献 [1] Sun Z P, Jiang Z W, Wang P M, et al. The adaptability between additives and cement/admixture in ready-mixed concrete. Ready Mixed Concr, 2004(1): 11 (孙振平, 蒋正武, 王培铭, 等. 商品混凝土中外加剂与水 泥/掺合料适应性的研究. 商品混凝土, 2004(1): 11) [2] Wu X M, Wen Z Y, Fan Y M. Rheological investiga￾tion into compatibility of cement and superplasticizers. J South China Univ Technol Nat Sci, 2008, 36(7): 117 (吴笑梅, 文梓云, 樊粤明. 水泥与减水剂相容性的流变学 研究. 华南理工大学学报: 自然科学版, 2008, 36(7): 117) [3] Zhou Y H, Lin D, Luo Y F, et al. Research on the compat￾ibility of cement and superplasticizer. Guangdong Build Mater, 2007(6): 12 (周永辉, 林东, 罗云峰, 等. 聚羧酸系减水剂与水泥相容性 的研究. 广东建材, 2007(6): 12) [4] Xia Y J, Zhang D K. Factors of influence the compatibil￾ity of cement and additives. China Cem, 2007(3): 51 (夏元军, 张大康. 影响水泥与外加剂相容性的因素. 中国 水泥, 2007(3): 51) [5] Li H T, Jia T K. Effect of the control of cement quality on adaptability of the cement and additives. Bull Chin Ceram Soc, 2010，29(5): 1217 (李海涛, 贾铁昆. 水泥生产质量控制对水泥与外加剂适应 性的影响. 硅酸盐通报, 2010, 29(5): 1217) [6] Zhou X J, Chang Q S, Wang H Y. Effect of plus sulfate on admixtures character. Shanxi Archit, 2009, 35(19): 174 (周学军, 常青山, 王洪勇. 外加硫酸盐对外加剂性能的影 响. 山西建筑, 2009, 35(19): 174) [7] Yamada K, Hanahara S. Interaction mechanism of cement and superplasticizers: the roles of polymer adsorption and ionic conditions of aqueous phase. Concr Sci Eng, 2001, 3(11): 135 [8] Yamada K, Takahashi T, Hanehara S, et al. Effects of the chemical structure on the properties of polycarboxylate￾type superplasticizer. Cem Concr Res, 2000, 30(2): 197 [9] Flatt R J, Houst Y F. A simplified view on chemical effects perturbing the action of superplasticizers. Cem Concr Res, 2001, 31(8): 1169 [10] Shang Y, Miao C W, Liu J P, et al. Effects of gypsum on the adsorption of polycarboxylic superplasticizer on the surface of cement particles. J Build Mater, 2010, 13(4): 492 (尚燕, 缪昌文, 刘加平, 等. 石膏对水泥表面吸附聚羧酸系 超塑化剂的影响. 建筑材料学报, 2010, 13(4): 492) [11] Zhang J Y. Study on the Properties of High Iron Fly-ash and the Absorption of Cement-based Composite Materials [Dissertation]. Chongqing: Chongqing University, 2010 (张建业. 高铁粉煤灰特性及其水泥基复合材料吸波性研究 [学位论文]. 重庆：重庆大学，2010) [12] Shao Z C, Chen J F. Study on ion adsorption characteris￾tics of some iron oxides. Acta Pedol Sin, 1984, 21(2): 153 (邵宗臣，陈家坊. 几种氧化铁的离子吸附特性研究. 土壤 学报, 1984, 21(2): 153) [13] Tang H Y. Effects of Organic Acid on Phosphor Trans￾portation or Release in Water-Soil Interface in Water Level Fluctuating Zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir and Its Mechanism Research [Dissertation]. 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