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D0L:10.13374/.issn1001-053x.2012.11.003 第34卷第11期 北京科技大学学报 Vol.34 No.11 2012年11月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Now.2012 低透气性煤层井下分段点式水力压裂增透 杨宏伟12)四 1)北京科技大学金属矿山高效开采教育部重点实验室,北京100083 2)煤炭科学研究总院沈阳研究院煤矿安全技术国家重点实验室,沈阳110016 ☒通信作者,E-mail:yanghongweil68@126.com 摘要通过数值分析和现场试验的手段分析了井下低透气性煤层分段点式水力压裂的原理和过程.井下分段水力压裂意 在改变传统压裂的受力方式,使煤体多点受力,相互作用,最后产生压裂的效果。经过在城山煤矿西二采区水力压裂孔的试 验,在压裂半径为5-7m条件下,得出了试验地点临界注水压力为14MPa,水压在14-20MPa进行分段点式水力压裂较为适 宜,试验过程简单易行,在现有条件下压裂可在5mn内完成,试验地点压裂后钻孔平均抽放瓦斯流量和体积分数明显提高. 关键词煤矿:开采:瓦斯:抽放:水力压裂:透气性 分类号TD712.6 Underground segmentation point hydraulic fracturing antireflection for low- permeability coal seams YANG Hong-ei,2☒ 1)Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of China for High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 2)State Key Laboratory of Coal Safety,Shenyang Branch of China Coal Research Institute,Shenyang 110016,China Corresponding author,E-mail:yanghongweil68@126.com ABSTRACT The principle and process of underground segmentation point hydraulic fracturing for low-permeability coal seams were studied by means of numerical analysis and field test.Underground segmentation hydraulic fracturing is intended to change the tradi- tional force way to make coal more force and interaction,and finally to produce the effect of fracturing.The hydraulic fracturing test at the west second mining area of Chenshan Coal Mine in northeastern China shows that when the fractured radius is 5 to 7m,the critical injection pressure is 14 MPa,and it is suitable for the hydraulic fracturing that the injection pressure is 14 to 20 MPa.The test proce- dure is so simple that the hydraulic fracturing can be completed within 5 min,and the average gas flow and volume fraction of gas drain- age are significantly increasing after the hydraulic fracturing. KEY WORDS coal mines:mining:coal gas:drainage:hydraulic fracturing:gas permeability 水力压裂技术作为一种卸压抽放瓦斯的手段, 裂还处于摸索期.井下分段水力压裂工艺改变 被广泛应用于地面和井下来增加煤层透气性-习 了以前水力压裂对煤层的单点受力模式,降低了水 1965年煤炭科学研究总院沈阳研究院(原煤科总院 力压裂的出水压力,整个压裂工艺趋于简单化,便 抚顺分院)在全国首次将水力压裂技术应用在煤层 捷化. 强化抽放瓦斯领域,通过地面钻孔或井下钻孔对煤 层实施压裂,并进行了现场试验同.由于当时的工 1井下分段点式水力压裂技术原理 艺复杂,所以该技术没有得到大面积推广和应用. 水力压裂就是利用高压水将煤体冲开,产生裂 分段水力压裂最早在地面油气井压裂中得到过应 隙.分段水力压裂主要是通过改变井下水力压裂措 用,效果明显:而井下低透气性煤层分段水力压 施的力作用方式,将整个钻孔分为数段,每一段设置 收稿日期:201108-11 基金项目:“十一五“国家支撑计划资助项目(2006BAK03B03)第 34 卷 第 11 期 2012 年 11 月 北京科技大学学报 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol. 34 No. 11 Nov. 2012 低透气性煤层井下分段点式水力压裂增透 杨宏伟1,2) 1) 北京科技大学金属矿山高效开采教育部重点实验室,北京 100083 2) 煤炭科学研究总院沈阳研究院煤矿安全技术国家重点实验室,沈阳 110016 通信作者,E-mail: yanghongwei168@ 126. com 摘 要 通过数值分析和现场试验的手段分析了井下低透气性煤层分段点式水力压裂的原理和过程. 井下分段水力压裂意 在改变传统压裂的受力方式,使煤体多点受力,相互作用,最后产生压裂的效果. 经过在城山煤矿西二采区水力压裂孔的试 验,在压裂半径为 5 ~ 7 m 条件下,得出了试验地点临界注水压力为 14 MPa,水压在 14 ~ 20 MPa 进行分段点式水力压裂较为适 宜,试验过程简单易行,在现有条件下压裂可在 5 min 内完成,试验地点压裂后钻孔平均抽放瓦斯流量和体积分数明显提高. 关键词 煤矿; 开采; 瓦斯; 抽放; 水力压裂; 透气性 分类号 TD712 + . 6 Underground segmentation point hydraulic fracturing antireflection for low￾permeability coal seams YANG Hong-wei 1,2) 1) Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of China for High - Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 2) State Key Laboratory of Coal Safety,Shenyang Branch of China Coal Research Institute,Shenyang 110016,China Corresponding author,E-mail: yanghongwei168@ 126. com ABSTRACT The principle and process of underground segmentation point hydraulic fracturing for low-permeability coal seams were studied by means of numerical analysis and field test. Underground segmentation hydraulic fracturing is intended to change the tradi￾tional force way to make coal more force and interaction,and finally to produce the effect of fracturing. The hydraulic fracturing test at the west second mining area of Chenshan Coal Mine in northeastern China shows that when the fractured radius is 5 to 7 m,the critical injection pressure is 14 MPa,and it is suitable for the hydraulic fracturing that the injection pressure is 14 to 20 MPa. The test proce￾dure is so simple that the hydraulic fracturing can be completed within 5 min,and the average gas flow and volume fraction of gas drain￾age are significantly increasing after the hydraulic fracturing. KEY WORDS coal mines; mining; coal gas; drainage; hydraulic fracturing; gas permeability 收稿日期: 2011--08--11 基金项目: “十一五“国家支撑计划资助项目( 2006BAK03B03) 水力压裂技术作为一种卸压抽放瓦斯的手段, 被广泛应用于地面和井下来增加煤层透气性[1--2]. 1965 年煤炭科学研究总院沈阳研究院( 原煤科总院 抚顺分院) 在全国首次将水力压裂技术应用在煤层 强化抽放瓦斯领域,通过地面钻孔或井下钻孔对煤 层实施压裂,并进行了现场试验[3]. 由于当时的工 艺复杂,所以该技术没有得到大面积推广和应用. 分段水力压裂最早在地面油气井压裂中得到过应 用[4--6],效果明显; 而井下低透气性煤层分段水力压 裂还处于摸索期[7--9]. 井下分段水力压裂工艺改变 了以前水力压裂对煤层的单点受力模式,降低了水 力压裂的出水压力,整个压裂工艺趋于简单化,便 捷化. 1 井下分段点式水力压裂技术原理 水力压裂就是利用高压水将煤体冲开,产生裂 隙. 分段水力压裂主要是通过改变井下水力压裂措 施的力作用方式,将整个钻孔分为数段,每一段设置 DOI:10.13374/j.issn1001-053x.2012.11.003
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