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esd Fitness Function Mapping( 16888 ESD.77 f Mapping always necessary for minimization (smaller objective value= higher fitness Often fitness function value corresponds to the number of offspring which an individual will likely produce E.g. Proportional fitness assignment F() Fitness of i-th individual ∑f(x) individuals raw performance relative to the whole population Nind Population size x Phenotypic value of i C Massachusetts Institute of Technology -Prof de Weck and Prof Willcox Engineering Systems Division and Dept of Aeronautics and Astronautics)LWQHVV)XQFWLRQ0DSSLQJ ,, I ) 6 0DSSLQJDOZD\VQHFHVVDU\IRUPLQLPL]DWLRQ VPDOOHUREMHFWLYHYDOXH KLJKHUILWQHVV 2IWHQILWQHVVIXQFWLRQYDOXHFRUUHVSRQGVWRWKHQXPEHU RIRIIVSULQJZKLFKDQLQGLYLGXDOZLOOOLNHO\SURGXFH (J3URSRUWLRQDOILWQHVVDVVLJQPHQW L ( ) = ( ) ) [L 1LQG I [ )LWQHVVRILWKLQGLYLGXDO ¦ I ( ) [L LQGLYLGXDOVUDZSHUIRUPDQFHUHODWLYH L= WRWKHZKROHSRSXODWLRQ 1LQG 3RSXODWLRQVL]H [L 3KHQRW\SLFYDOXHRI³L´ 0DVVDFKXVHWWV,QVWLWXWHRI7HFKQRORJ\3URIGH:HFNDQG3URI:LOOFR[ (QJLQHHULQJ6\VWHPV'LYLVLRQDQG'HSWRI$HURQDXWLFVDQG$VWURQDXWLFV