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程杰等:热冷循环下外墙外保温系统耐候性能数值模拟 ·759· 料在外保温系统中起到了重要的隔热作用 energy saving measures in a common type of Greek building.Appl (2)冷热环境条件下,涂料饰面层经历拉压循 Ener,2009,86(12):2550 [7]Clarke J A,Johnstone C M,Kelly N J,et al.The role of built en- 环,温度低时承受拉应力,温度高时承受压应力,应 vironment energy efficiency in a sustainable UK energy economy. 力变化幅度为-0.58~0.46MPa.基层墙体内由于 Energy Policy,2008,36(12)4605 温度变化不大,其应力变化幅度较小.在整个循环 ] Yang C,Liao S K,Zhuang W C,et al.Impact of thermal insula- 过程中基层墙体内表面始终承受压应力,基层墙体 ting layer upon wall insulating effect.Shanxi Arch,2013,39 内表面应力变化的幅度为-3.06~-2.71MPa. (10):210 (杨晨,廖绍凯,庄伟晨,等.保温层对墙体保温效果的影响 (3)热应力分布呈阶梯状.热冷循环升温阶 山西建筑,2013,39(10):210) 段,墙体各功能层均承受压应力,最大压应力约为 9] Qin SS,Liu Y Z,Li Z,et al.Study on temperature effect on 4.17MPa:热冷循环降温阶段,基层墙体及内饰面层 walls with thermal insulation mortar system.Eng Mech,2011,28 受到压应力,保温浆料层之外的功能层受到拉应力, (Suppl 1)64 在循环过程中保温浆料层应力几乎为零. (秦尚松,刘元珍,李珠,等.保温砂浆培体保温系统温度效 (4)与保温浆料层相比,界面砂浆层在热冷循 应研究.工程力学,2011,28(增刊1):64) [10]Zhao M,Yin M,Zou W X.Finite element analysis of exterio 环中所受应力较大.从胶粉聚苯颗粒外墙外保温系 wall extemal insulation system under temperature difference 统整体来讲,保温浆料层与界面砂浆层连接处是墙 Constr Arch,2016(11):62 体保温层易于发生破坏的薄弱位置,在此处可能出 (赵敏,殷明,邹卫雄.温差作用下的外墙外保温系统的有 现应力集中现象,界面砂浆层断裂是造成保温材料 限元分析.建筑,2016(11):62) 破坏的主要原因. [11]ChengT,Yan K Q.Application of finite element method of com- (5)沿墙厚方向最大位移出现在保温浆料层. posite wall insulation system.Ady Mater Res,2012,594597: 2158 在周期性冷热温度荷载的作用下,保温层内出现显 [12]Zhang HH,Zhu JJ.Heat conduction analysis of the composite 著温度变化,易发生热变形.为保证外墙外保温系 wall by the extended finite element method /5th International 统整体耐久性能,保温浆料层应具备抵抗温度变形 Conference on Civil Engineering and Transportation.Paris,2016: 及疲劳热应力的能力. 642 [13]Li JG.Thermal stress performance analysis for a new external wall insulation system.Appl Mech Mater,2011,718:1929 参考文献 14]Huo Y T,Li Z,Liu YZ,et al.Finite element analysis on the [Zhu J J.Zhang HH.Recent advances in experimental and numer- exterior insulation systems with thermal insulation glazed hollow ical study on thermal conductivity of the composite wall.Appl Mech bead mortar.China Sciencepaper.2015,10(15):1845 Mater,2013,361363:296 (霍英涛,李珠,刘元珍,等.玻化微珠保温砂浆外保温系统 Ruan F,Qian X Q,Qian K L,et al.Anti-insulation behavior for 有限元分析.中国科技论文,2015,10(15):1845) exterior wall external insulation on residential buildings in hot sum- [15]Ministry of Construction,People's Republic of China.JGJ 144- mer and cold winter zone.J Zhejiang Univ Eng Sci,2016,50 2004 Technical Specification for External Thermal Insulation on (12):2343 Walls.Beijing:China Architecture Building Press,2005 (阮方,钱晓倩,钱匡亮,等.夏热冬冷地区居住建筑外墙外 (中华人民共和国建设部.JGJ144一2004外墙外保温工程技 保温的反节能现象.浙江大学学报(工学版),2016,50(12): 术规程.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005) 2343) [16]Beijing Zhenli Company of Energy Saving and Environmental B]Zhu G H,Deng L,Zhang C C,et al.Thermal simulation and Protection.Exterior Wall Thermal Insulation Technology Theory structural optimization of self-insulation block of gypsum.Central and Application.Beijing:China Architectural Industry Press, South Univ Sci Technol,2015,46(1)107 2011 (朱桂华,邓玲,张春成,等.自保温石膏基砌块传热模拟及 (北京振利节能环保科技股份有限公司.外保温技术理论与 结构优化.中南大学学报(自然科学版),2015,46(1):107) 应用.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2011) Niu F S,Ni W,Liang YY.Numerical simulation of heat conduc- [17]Wu J L.Elastic Mechanics.Beijing:Higher Education Press, tion in polyfoam-ly ash thermal insulation materials.J Unir Sci 2001 Technol Beijing,2009,31(1)103 (吴家龙.弹性力学.北京:高等教有出版社,2001) (牛福生,倪文,梁银英.粉煤灰泡沫塑料复合保温材料传热 18] Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development,People's Re- 过程的数值模拟.北京科技大学学报,2009,31(1):103) public of China.GB 50176-2016 Code for Thermal Design of [5]Herring H.National building stocks:addressing energy consump- Ciril Buildings.Beijing:China Planning Press,2016 tion or decarburization.Build Res Inf,2009,37 (2):192 (中华人民共和国建设部.GB50176一2016民用建筑热工设 [6]Nikolaidis Y,Pilavachi P A,Chletsis A.Economic evaluation of 计规范.北京:中国计划出版社,2016)程 杰等: 热冷循环下外墙外保温系统耐候性能数值模拟 料在外保温系统中起到了重要的隔热作用. ( 2) 冷热环境条件下,涂料饰面层经历拉压循 环,温度低时承受拉应力,温度高时承受压应力,应 力变化幅度为 - 0. 58 ~ 0. 46 MPa. 基层墙体内由于 温度变化不大,其应力变化幅度较小. 在整个循环 过程中基层墙体内表面始终承受压应力,基层墙体 内表面应力变化的幅度为 - 3. 06 ~ - 2. 71 MPa. ( 3) 热应力分布呈阶梯状. 热冷循环升温阶 段,墙体各功能层均承受压应力,最大压应力约为 4. 17 MPa; 热冷循环降温阶段,基层墙体及内饰面层 受到压应力,保温浆料层之外的功能层受到拉应力, 在循环过程中保温浆料层应力几乎为零. ( 4) 与保温浆料层相比,界面砂浆层在热冷循 环中所受应力较大. 从胶粉聚苯颗粒外墙外保温系 统整体来讲,保温浆料层与界面砂浆层连接处是墙 体保温层易于发生破坏的薄弱位置,在此处可能出 现应力集中现象,界面砂浆层断裂是造成保温材料 破坏的主要原因. ( 5) 沿墙厚方向最大位移出现在保温浆料层. 在周期性冷热温度荷载的作用下,保温层内出现显 著温度变化,易发生热变形. 为保证外墙外保温系 统整体耐久性能,保温浆料层应具备抵抗温度变形 及疲劳热应力的能力. 参 考 文 献 [1] Zhu J J,Zhang H H. Recent advances in experimental and numer￾ical study on thermal conductivity of the composite wall. Appl Mech Mater,2013,361-363: 296 [2] Ruan F,Qian X Q,Qian K L,et al. Anti-insulation behavior for exterior wall external insulation on residential buildings in hot sum￾mer and cold winter zone. J Zhejiang Univ Eng Sci,2016,50 ( 12) : 2343 ( 阮方,钱晓倩,钱匡亮,等. 夏热冬冷地区居住建筑外墙外 保温的反节能现象. 浙江大学学报( 工学版) ,2016,50( 12) : 2343) [3] Zhu G H,Deng L,Zhang C C,et al. Thermal simulation and structural optimization of self-insulation block of gypsum. J Central South Univ Sci Technol,2015,46( 1) : 107 ( 朱桂华,邓玲,张春成,等. 自保温石膏基砌块传热模拟及 结构优化. 中南大学学报( 自然科学版) ,2015,46( 1) : 107) [4] Niu F S,Ni W,Liang Y Y. Numerical simulation of heat conduc￾tion in polyfoam-fly ash thermal insulation materials. J Univ Sci Technol Beijing,2009,31( 1) : 103 ( 牛福生,倪文,梁银英. 粉煤灰泡沫塑料复合保温材料传热 过程的数值模拟. 北京科技大学学报,2009,31( 1) : 103) [5] Herring H. National building stocks: addressing energy consump￾tion or decarburization. Build Res Inf,2009,37( 2) : 192 [6] Nikolaidis Y,Pilavachi P A,Chletsis A. Economic evaluation of energy saving measures in a common type of Greek building. Appl Energy,2009,86( 12) : 2550 [7] Clarke J A,Johnstone C M,Kelly N J,et al. The role of built en￾vironment energy efficiency in a sustainable UK energy economy. Energy Policy,2008,36( 12) : 4605 [8] Yang C,Liao S K,Zhuang W C,et al. Impact of thermal insula￾ting layer upon wall insulating effect. Shanxi Arch,2013,39 ( 10) : 210 ( 杨晨,廖绍凯,庄伟晨,等. 保温层对墙体保温效果的影响. 山西建筑,2013,39( 10) : 210) [9] Qin S S,Liu Y Z,Li Z,et al. Study on temperature effect on walls with thermal insulation mortar system. Eng Mech,2011,28 ( Suppl 1) : 64 ( 秦尚松,刘元珍,李珠,等. 保温砂浆墙体保温系统温度效 应研究. 工程力学,2011,28( 增刊 1) : 64) [10] Zhao M,Yin M,Zou W X. Finite element analysis of exterior wall external insulation system under temperature difference. Constr Arch,2016( 11) : 62 ( 赵敏,殷明,邹卫雄. 温差作用下的外墙外保温系统的有 限元分析. 建筑,2016( 11) : 62) [11] Cheng T,Yan K Q. Application of finite element method of com￾posite wall insulation system. Adv Mater Res,2012,594-597: 2158 [12] Zhang H H,Zhu J J. Heat conduction analysis of the composite wall by the extended finite element method / / 5th International Conference on Civil Engineering and Transportation. Paris,2016: 642 [13] Li J G. Thermal stress performance analysis for a new external wall insulation system. Appl Mech Mater,2011,71-78: 1929 [14] Huo Y T,Li Z,Liu Y Z,et al. Finite element analysis on the exterior insulation systems with thermal insulation glazed hollow bead mortar. China Sciencepaper,2015,10( 15) : 1845 ( 霍英涛,李珠,刘元珍,等. 玻化微珠保温砂浆外保温系统 有限元分析. 中国科技论文,2015,10( 15) : 1845) [15] Ministry of Construction,People's Republic of China. JGJ 144— 2004 Technical Specification for External Thermal Insulation on Walls. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press,2005 ( 中华人民共和国建设部. JGJ 144—2004 外墙外保温工程技 术规程. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社,2005) [16] Beijing Zhenli Company of Energy Saving and Environmental Protection. Exterior Wall Thermal Insulation Technology Theory and Application. Beijing: China Architectural Industry Press, 2011 ( 北京振利节能环保科技股份有限公司. 外保温技术理论与 应用. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社,2011) [17] Wu J L. Elastic Mechanics. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2001 ( 吴家龙. 弹性力学. 北京: 高等教育出版社,2001) [18] Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development,People's Re￾public of China. GB 50176—2016 Code for Thermal Design of Civil Buildings. Beijing: China Planning Press,2016 ( 中华人民共和国建设部. GB 50176—2016 民用建筑热工设 计规范. 北京: 中国计划出版社,2016) · 957 ·
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