4期 吴新智:与中国现代人起源问题有联系的分子生物学研究成果的讨论 ·269 卷编史方法及非洲史前史[M]北京:中国对外翻译出版公司,1984,526-543.K/ Zerbo j ed. General History of Afnca. I Methodology and Afncan Prehistory, The UNESCO Press, 198 [27) Eswaran V, Harpending H, Rogers AR. Gemmics refutes an exclusively African ongin of humansJJ-J Hum Evol, 2005, 49: 1- [28] Foley, Robert. Genes, Evolution, and diversity: Yet another look at the problem of mdem human origin]. Evol Anthropol, 1998 6(6):191-93 [29]Curme D. and Thorne A Number of ancestral human species: a molecular perspective[ J] Jourmal of HOMO Comparative Huan biology,2003,53:201-224. Discussion on the Results of Some molec ular Studies Concerning the Origin of modern chines WU Xinzhi (1, Institute d Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthroin'ugy, Civrsese Academy d scienes, Bejing 10004 Abstract: The present paper summaries the mlecular articles on the origin of mdern Chinese published in last a few years. The conclusion of these studies based on the analyses of the genes of y2 chromsome, is that the indigeous people of China was totally replaced by the African immigrants during the Last Ice Age. According to those authors there was a gap between 50 000 years BP and 100 000 years BP of human inhabitation in China and the environment during the last Ice Age was so d that mst of living bodies including humans could ot survive. In present paper the author refutes this conclusion with following information. There is morphological evidence indicating the continuity of human evolution in China. The tradition of Paleolithic in China is quite different from that in Africa and Europe. In China the mmode I technique persisted in Pleistocene with only a few sites exhibiting techniques of other mdes while a succession from Mode I through mode V was shown in Africa and Europe. The paleo2faunae of Pleistocene China indicate that the broad area saitable for human habitation even in Ice Age. Recent paleoanthropological reports provide evidence of human existence at least at four sites in China between 50 000 years BP and 100 000 years BP. New studies on chromsome, chromsome 22 and chromsome I did mot support the total replacement of archaic population in Eurasia by the African immigrants. Near East is mst probably on the passageway from Africa to China. Mode Illtechnique prevalent in Near East around 100ky BP has mt replaced the Mode I in China in any time. Paleoanthropological study has already made clear that the human evolution a very complicated process, new mlecular studies indicate that molecular evolution is fairly mre complex than that understood in 20h century, we should keep a clear head in thinking about the explanation and inference derived from new information on the origin of humans. The reconciliation of the information derived from different sources could be approximated on the basis of comprehensive consideration on them, so that our knowledge on human evolution could be close to the truth gradually Key words China; Modern human origin; Gene study 91994-2006ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreservedhttp://www.cnki,net卷 ,编史方法及非洲史前史[ M] . 北京 :中国对外翻译出版公司 ,1984 , 526 —543. Ki2Zerbo J ed. General History of Africa. I Methodology and African Prehistory , The UNESCO Press , 1981. [27 ] Eswaran V , Harpending H , Rogers AR. Genomics refutes an exclusively African origin of humans[J ] .J Hum Evol , 2005 ,49 :1 — 18. [28 ] Foley , Robert. Genes , Evolution , and diversity : Yet another look at the problem of modern human origin[J ] . Evol Anthropol ,1998 , 6 (6) :191 —193. [29 ] Curnoe D. and Thorne A. Number of ancestral human species :a molecular perspective[J ] . Journal of HOMO Comparative Human Biology ,2003 ,53 :201 —224. Discussion on the Results of Some Molecular Studies Concerning the Origin of Modern Chinese WU Xin2zhi1 (1. Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100044) Abstract: The present paper summaries the molecular articles on the origin of modern Chinese published in last a few years. The conclusion of these studies based on the analyses of the genes of Y2 chromosome ,is that the indigenous people of China was totally replaced by the African immigrants during the Last Ice Age. According to those authors there was a gap between 50 000 years BP and 100 000 years BP of human inhabitation in China and the environment during the Last Ice Age was so bad that most of living bodies including humans could not survive. In present paper the author refutes this conclusion with following information. There is morphological evidence indicating the continuity of human evolution in China. The tradition of Paleolithic in China is quite different from that in Africa and Europe. In China the mode I technique persisted in Pleistocene with only a few sites exhibiting techniques of other modes ,while a succession from Mode I through Mode V was shown in Africa and Europe. The paleo2faunae of Pleistocene China indicate that there was broad area saitable for human inhabitation even in Ice Age. Recent paleoanthropological reports provide evidence of human existence at least at four sites in China between 50 000 years BP and 100 000 years BP. New studies on X chromosome , chromosome 22 and chromosome 1 did not support the total replacement of archaic population in Eurasia by the African immigrants. Near East is most probably on the passageway from Africa to China. Mode Ⅲtechnique prevalent in Near East around 100ky BP has not replaced the Mode Ⅰin China in any time. Paleoanthropological study has already made clear that the human evolution is a very complicated process , new molecular studies indicate that molecular evolution is fairly more complex than that understood in 20th century , we should keep a clear head in thinking about the explanation and inference derived from new information on the origin of humans. The reconciliation of the information derived from different sources could be approximated on the basis of comprehensive consideration on them , so that our knowledge on human evolution could be close to the truth gradually. Key words:China ; Modern human origin; Gene study 4 期 吴新智 : 与中国现代人起源问题有联系的分子生物学研究成果的讨论 · 962 ·