工程科学学报，第38卷，第2期：257-262,2016年2月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.38,No.2:257-262,February 2016 DOI:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2016.02.015:http://journals.ustb.edu.cn 间接挤压铸造工艺参数对铝合金中Si偏析的影响 郭莉军四，邢书明，鲍培玮，邱常明，刘文鑫 北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院，北京100044 ☒通信作者，E-mail:someboy1981@163.com 摘要研究间接挤压铸造工艺条件下，浇注温度、挤压压力、挤压速度、冷却速度及参数间的交互作用对6066铝合金中Si 元素的偏析影响规律.以凝固后零件热节位置硅的质量分数与合金初始硅的质量分数的差值定量表征偏析程度，采用考虑 一级交互作用的四因素两水平正交设计，研究间接挤压条件下硅的偏析现象.结果发现：浇注温度、挤压压力、挤压速度和冷 却速度对硅偏析都有影响，其中浇注温度是影响最显著的因素.随着浇注温度的升高，铝合金中S偏析程度减小.挤压压力 和挤压速度对硅偏析的影响次之，但两者的影响趋势相反；模具冷却能力的影响程度与挤压压力和挤压速度的交互作用的影 响程度相似，铜模套（高冷速）比钢模套（低冷速）的硅偏析程度要轻.间接挤压铸造条件下，工件热节位置可以出现硅的负 偏析. 关键词铝合金：挤压铸造：偏析：硅：工艺参数 分类号TG146.21:TG249.2 Effect of process parameters on Si segregation in an aluminum alloy during squeeze casting GUO Li-jun,XING Shu-ming,BAO Pei-cei,QIU Chang-ming,LIU Wen-xin School of Mechanical,Electronic and Control Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China Corresponding author,E-mail:someboy1981@163.com ABSTRACT The effects of pouring temperature,squeeze pressure,squeeze speed and cooling type on Si segregation in 6066 alloy were studied in indirect squeeze casting.Taking the difference between the silicon content of the hot spot zone after solidification and the initial silicon content of the alloy as the segregation degree,the Si segregation was analyzed according to orthogonal design which considers two levels,four factors and partial first-elass interactions.The results show that pouring temperature,squeeze pressure, squeeze speed and cooling type all have effect on the Si segregation,but pouring temperature is the most significant factor.With the increase of pouring temperature,the segregation degree of Si decreases.Squeeze pressure and squeeze speed have less influence on the Si segregation than pouring temperature,but their influence trends are opposite.The influence degree of mold cooling is similar to that of the partial first class interaction of squeeze pressure and speed.The Si segregation in a copper sleeve (high cooling speed)is lighter than that in a steel sleeve (low cooling speed).Negative Si segregation was found in the hot spot zone of indirect squeeze cast work- pieces. KEY WORDS aluminum alloys;squeeze casting:segregation;silicon:process parameters 在挤压铸造中，经常会看到零件中发生宏观偏 致.Gallerneault等认为挤压铸造出现正常偏析的主 析司.关于加压铸造条件下零件的成分偏析形成机 要原因是外加压力，挤压铸造中压力使凝固模式由糊 理、影响因素和控制方法的研究很多，但结论却并不一 状凝固变为近平面的逐层凝固.这一观点称为压力主 收稿日期：2015-103 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51275031)：国家高技术研究发展计划资助项目(2014AA041804)工程科学学报，第 38 卷，第 2 期: 257--262，2016 年 2 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering，Vol． 38，No． 2: 257--262，February 2016 DOI: 10． 13374 /j． issn2095--9389． 2016． 02． 015; http: / /journals． ustb． edu． cn 间接挤压铸造工艺参数对铝合金中 Si 偏析的影响 郭莉军，邢书明，鲍培玮，邱常明，刘文鑫 北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院，北京 100044  通信作者，E-mail: someboy1981@ 163． com 摘 要 研究间接挤压铸造工艺条件下，浇注温度、挤压压力、挤压速度、冷却速度及参数间的交互作用对 6066 铝合金中 Si 元素的偏析影响规律． 以凝固后零件热节位置硅的质量分数与合金初始硅的质量分数的差值定量表征偏析程度，采用考虑 一级交互作用的四因素两水平正交设计，研究间接挤压条件下硅的偏析现象． 结果发现: 浇注温度、挤压压力、挤压速度和冷 却速度对硅偏析都有影响，其中浇注温度是影响最显著的因素． 随着浇注温度的升高，铝合金中 Si 偏析程度减小． 挤压压力 和挤压速度对硅偏析的影响次之，但两者的影响趋势相反; 模具冷却能力的影响程度与挤压压力和挤压速度的交互作用的影 响程度相似，铜模套( 高冷速) 比钢模套( 低冷速) 的硅偏析程度要轻． 间接挤压铸造条件下，工件热节位置可以出现硅的负 偏析． 关键词 铝合金; 挤压铸造; 偏析; 硅; 工艺参数 分类号 TG146. 21; TG249. 2 Effect of process parameters on Si segregation in an aluminum alloy during squeeze casting GUO Li-jun ，XING Shu-ming，BAO Pei-wei，QIU Chang-ming，LIU Wen-xin School of Mechanical，Electronic and Control Engineering，Beijing Jiaotong University，Beijing 100044，China  Corresponding author，E-mail: someboy1981@ 163． com ABSTＲACT The effects of pouring temperature，squeeze pressure，squeeze speed and cooling type on Si segregation in 6066 alloy were studied in indirect squeeze casting． Taking the difference between the silicon content of the hot spot zone after solidification and the initial silicon content of the alloy as the segregation degree，the Si segregation was analyzed according to orthogonal design which considers two levels，four factors and partial first-class interactions． The results show that pouring temperature，squeeze pressure， squeeze speed and cooling type all have effect on the Si segregation，but pouring temperature is the most significant factor． With the increase of pouring temperature，the segregation degree of Si decreases． Squeeze pressure and squeeze speed have less influence on the Si segregation than pouring temperature，but their influence trends are opposite． The influence degree of mold cooling is similar to that of the partial first class interaction of squeeze pressure and speed． The Si segregation in a copper sleeve ( high cooling speed) is lighter than that in a steel sleeve ( low cooling speed) ． Negative Si segregation was found in the hot spot zone of indirect squeeze cast work￾pieces． KEY WOＲDS aluminum alloys; squeeze casting; segregation; silicon; process parameters 收稿日期: 2015--11--03 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目( 51275031) ; 国家高技术研究发展计划资助项目( 2014AA041804) 在挤压铸造中，经常会看到零件中发生宏观偏 析［1--5］． 关于加压铸造条件下零件的成分偏析形成机 理、影响因素和控制方法的研究很多，但结论却并不一 致． Gallerneault 等［6］认为挤压铸造出现正常偏析的主 要原因是外加压力，挤压铸造中压力使凝固模式由糊 状凝固变为近平面的逐层凝固． 这一观点称为压力主