BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR STRUCTURAL CONCRETE AND COMMENTARY(ACI 318M-05) PREFACE The code portion of this document covers the design and construction of structural concrete used in buildings and here applicable in nonbuilding structures. Among the subjects covered are: drawings and specifications; inspection; materials; durability requirements; concrete quality, mixing, and placing; formwork; embedded pipes; construction joints; reinforcement details; analysis and design; strength and serviceability; flexural and axial loads; shear and torsion; development and splices of reinforce- ment; slab systems; walls; footings; precast concrete; composite flexural members; prestressed concrete; shells and folded plate members; strength evaluation of existing structures; special provisions for seismic design; structural plain concrete; strut-and-tie modeling in Appendix A; alternative design provisions in Appendix B; alternative load and strength-reduction factors in Appendix C; and anchoring to concrete in Appendix D. The quality and testing of materials used in construction are covered by reference to the appropriate astM standard specifications. Welding of reinforcement is covered by reference to the appropriate aNsIawS standard Uses of the code include adoption by reference in general building codes, and earlier editions have been widely used in this manner The code is written in a format that allows such reference without change to its language Therefore back ground details or suggestions for carrying out the requirements or intent of the code portion cannot be included. The commentary is provided for this purpose Some of the considerations of the committee in developing the code portion are discussed within the commentary, with emphasis given to the explanation of new or revised provisions. Much of the research data referenced in preparing the code is cited for the user desiring to study individual questions in greater detail. Other documents that provide suggestions for carrying out the requirements of the code are also cited Keywords: admixtures; aggregates; anchorage(structural); beam-column frame; beams(supports); building codes; cold weather construction: col nns(supports); combined stress; composite construction(concrete and steel); composite construction(concrete to concrete); compressive strength; concrete ction joints; continuity(structural); contraction joints; cover; curing: deep beams; deflections; drawings; earth quake resistant structures; embedded service ducts; flexural strength; floors; folded plates; footings; formwork(construction); frames; hot weather inspection; isolation joints; joints (junctions): joists; lightweight concretes; loads(forces); load tests(structural); materials; mixing: mix proportioning: modulus icity: moments; pipe columns; pipes(tubing): placing; plain concrete; precast concrete; prestressed concrete; prestressing steels; quality control; rein orced concrete; reinforcing steels; roofs; serviceability; shear strength; shearwalls; shells(structural forms); spans; specifications; splicing; strength; strength nalysis; stresses; structural analysis; structural concrete; structural design; structural integrity; T-beams; torsion; walls; water; welded wire reinforcement. ACI318M-05 was adopted as a standard of the American Concrete Insti- any loss or damage arising therefrom. Reference to this commentary shall not tute October 27, 2004 to supersede ACI 318M-02 in accordance with the be made in contract documents. If items found in this Commentary ar Institutes standardization procedure. ACI 318M-05 is a complete metric desired by the Architect/Engineer to be a part of the contract documents, they companion to ACI 318-0 shall be restated in mandatory language for incorporation by the Architect/ ACI Committee Reports, Guides, Standard Practices, and Commentaries Engineer. are intended for guidance in planning, designing, executing, and inspecting Copyright o 2005, American Concrete Institute ary is intended for the use of individuals w All rights reserved including rights of reproduction and are competent to evaluate the significance and limitations of its content and or by any means, including the making of copies by any phe recommendations and who will accept responsibility for the application of by any electronic or mechanical device, printed al, recording for sound or visual reproduction or for use in any knowledge or the material it contains. The American Concrete Institute disclaims any and retrieval system or device, unless permission in writing is obtained from the all responsibility for the stated principles. The Institute shall not be liable for copyright proprietors licene with Acl oduction of networking permitted without loene from H ACl 318 Building CLicenseewBlack Veatc5910842100aryINTRODUCTION 318/318R-1 ACI 318 Building Code and Commentary PREFACE The code portion of this document covers the design and construction of structural concrete used in buildings and where applicable in nonbuilding structures. Among the subjects covered are: drawings and specifications; inspection; materials; durability requirements; concrete quality, mixing, and placing; formwork; embedded pipes; construction joints; reinforcement details; analysis and design; strength and serviceability; flexural and axial loads; shear and torsion; development and splices of reinforce￾ment; slab systems; walls; footings; precast concrete; composite flexural members; prestressed concrete; shells and folded plate members; strength evaluation of existing structures; special provisions for seismic design; structural plain concrete; strut-and-tie modeling in Appendix A; alternative design provisions in Appendix B; alternative load and strength-reduction factors in Appendix C; and anchoring to concrete in Appendix D. The quality and testing of materials used in construction are covered by reference to the appropriate ASTM standard specifications. Welding of reinforcement is covered by reference to the appropriate ANSI/AWS standard. Uses of the code include adoption by reference in general building codes, and earlier editions have been widely used in this manner. The code is written in a format that allows such reference without change to its language. Therefore, back￾ground details or suggestions for carrying out the requirements or intent of the code portion cannot be included. The commentary is provided for this purpose. Some of the considerations of the committee in developing the code portion are discussed within the commentary, with emphasis given to the explanation of new or revised provisions. Much of the research data referenced in preparing the code is cited for the user desiring to study individual questions in greater detail. Other documents that provide suggestions for carrying out the requirements of the code are also cited. Keywords: admixtures; aggregates; anchorage (structural); beam-column frame; beams (supports); building codes; cements; cold weather construction; col￾umns (supports); combined stress; composite construction (concrete and steel); composite construction (concrete to concrete); compressive strength; concrete construction; concretes; concrete slabs; construction joints; continuity (structural); contraction joints; cover; curing; deep beams; deflections; drawings; earth￾quake resistant structures; embedded service ducts; flexural strength; floors; folded plates; footings; formwork (construction); frames; hot weather construction; inspection; isolation joints; joints (junctions); joists; lightweight concretes; loads (forces); load tests (structural); materials; mixing; mix proportioning; modulus of elasticity; moments; pipe columns; pipes (tubing); placing; plain concrete; precast concrete; prestressed concrete; prestressing steels; quality control; rein￾forced concrete; reinforcing steels; roofs; serviceability; shear strength; shearwalls; shells (structural forms); spans; specifications; splicing; strength; strength analysis; stresses; structural analysis; structural concrete; structural design; structural integrity; T-beams; torsion; walls; water; welded wire reinforcement. ACI 318M-05 was adopted as a standard of the American Concrete Insti￾tute October 27, 2004 to supersede ACI 318M-02 in accordance with the Institute’s standardization procedure. ACI 318M-05 is a complete metric companion to ACI 318-05. ACI Committee Reports, Guides, Standard Practices, and Commentaries are intended for guidance in planning, designing, executing, and inspecting construction. This Commentary is intended for the use of individuals who are competent to evaluate the significance and limitations of its content and recommendations and who will accept responsibility for the application of the material it contains. The American Concrete Institute disclaims any and all responsibility for the stated principles. The Institute shall not be liable for any loss or damage arising therefrom. Reference to this commentary shall not be made in contract documents. If items found in this Commentary are desired by the Architect/Engineer to be a part of the contract documents, they shall be restated in mandatory language for incorporation by the Architect/ Engineer. Copyright © 2005, American Concrete Institute. All rights reserved including rights of reproduction and use in any form or by any means, including the making of copies by any photo process, or by any electronic or mechanical device, printed or written or oral, or recording for sound or visual reproduction or for use in any knowledge or retrieval system or device, unless permission in writing is obtained from the copyright proprietors. BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR STRUCTURAL CONCRETE AND COMMENTARY (ACI 318M-05) Copyright American Concrete Institute Provided by IHS under license with ACI Licensee=Black & Veatch/5910842100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 11/28/2005 18:20:15 MST --`,,`,````````,,`,,`,,``,`,,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---