意大利宪法(英文) Adopted on: 22 Dec 19471 ince: I Jan 1948 f ICL Document Status: 23 May 2003: The first ICL edition has been based on a translation provided by the Italian Embassy in London. Thanks to Prof. Carlo Fusaro and the help of Dr Federico Signorini and Dr Ignazio Castellucci, we have since replaced the former ICL edition with a new translation. The new text takes into consideration the translation of the 1948 version provided by the ltalian Embassy in London, the translation of the 1990 version by C. Neenan published by the House of Representatives in Rome, and the translation of amendments by Bernard Delury published in 1994 by Oceana Publications. However, the ICL edition is a new translation and not based on any of those documents. It follows the specific standards of ICL documents: all terms are in American rather than British english(i.e, councilor, defense, favor, fulfill, harbor, labor, misdemeanor, organization), paragraphs are numbered and articles carry a descriptive titel for easier identification within the table of contents. Furthermore, some technical terms( House of Representatives for the Chamber of deputies, Senate for Senate of the Republic, President for President of the Republic, Prime Minister for President of the Council of Ministers, Regional Cabinet for Junta, Justices for Judges of the Constitutional Court) are harmonized between the constitutions of different countries to facilitate easier omparisons once the ICL search engine is running again The ICL edition has been consolidated up to and including all amendments until the status date(above). Transitory and final provisions have not been included into this translation. Most recent changes include Art. 51(1), 56(2)-(4), 57(1)(2)(3)&(4), 1 14 through 132 However, please note the following rules regarding the application of specific provisions (a)According to Art. 10 of the Constitutional law of 18 October 2001, no 3, the provisions of the newly amended Title V of the Constitution also applies to the five Regions with special Statutes adopted by constitutional law, as long as these provisions provide for wider powers than those which have been assigned to them until now (b)According to Art. ll of the Constitutional law of 18 October 2001, no. 3, the Chambers have to change their respective Standing Orders to allow representatives from the Regions and the other local public bodies to take part in the proceedings of the Parliamentary Commission for regional affairs, whenever it discusses bills that contain fundamental principles pertaining to concurrent legislative powers, as laid down in Article 117(3), or exercise financial autonomy, as laid down in Article 119.1 [Part 0] Fundamental Principles Article 1 Form of State (1) Italy is a democratic republic based on labor (2)The sovereignty belongs to the people who exercise it in the forms and limits of the constitution. Article 2 [ Human Rights] The republic recognizes and guarantees the inviolable human rights, be it as an individual or in social groups expressing their personality and it ensures the performance of the unalterable duty to political, economic, and social solidarity. Article 3 [Equality d are equal before the law, without regard to their sex, race, language, religion, political opinions, and personal or social conditions 2)It is the duty of the republic to remove all economic and social obstacles that, by limiting the freedom and equality of citizens, prevent full individual development and the participation of all workers in the political, economic, and social organization of the country Article 4 Work (1)The republic recognizes the right of all citizens to work and promotes conditions to fulfill this right. (2)According to capability and choice, every citizen has the duty to undertake an activity or a function that will contribute to the material and moral progress of society Article 5 [ Local Autonomy] The republic, one and indivisible, recognizes and promotes local autonomy; it fully applies administrative decentralization of state services and adopts principles and methods of legislation meeting the requirements of autonomy and decentralization. Article 6 [ Linguistic Minorities] The republic protects linguistic minorities by special laws. Article 7[ Relation between State and Church (1) State and catholic church are, each within their own reign, independent and sovereign. (2)Their relationship is regulated by the lateran pacts. Amendments to these pacts which are d by both pa do not require ocedure of constitutional amendments意大利宪法(英文) Adopted on: 22 Dec 1947 } { Effective since: 1 Jan 1948 } { ICL Document Status: 23 May 2003 } { Editors Note: The first ICL edition has been based on a translation provided by the Italian Embassy in London. Thanks to Prof. Carlo Fusaro and the help of Dr Federico Signorini and Dr Ignazio Castellucci, we have since replaced the former ICL edition with a new translation. The new text takes into consideration the translation of the 1948 version provided by the Italian Embassy in London, the translation of the 1990 version by C. Neenan published by the House of Representatives in Rome, and the translation of amendments by Bernard DeLury, published in 1994 by Oceana Publications. However, the ICL edition is a new translation and not based on any of those documents. It follows the specific standards of ICL documents: all terms are in American rather than British english (i.e., councilor, defense, favor, fulfill, harbor, labor, misdemeanor, organization), paragraphs are numbered and articles carry a descriptive titel for easier identification within the table of contents. Furthermore, some technical terms (House of Representatives for the Chamber of deputies, Senate for Senate of the Republic, President for President of the Republic, Prime Minister for President of the Council of Ministers, Regional Cabinet for Junta, Justices for Judges of the Constitutional Court) are harmonized between the constitutions of different countries to facilitate easier comparisons once the ICL search engine is running again. The ICL edition has been consolidated up to and including all amendments until the status date (above). Transitory and final provisions have not been included into this translation. Most recent changes include Art. 51 (1), 56 (2)-(4), 57 (1) (2) (3) & (4), 114 through 132. However, please note the following rules regarding the application of specific provisions: (a) According to Art. 10 of the Constitutional law of 18 October 2001, no. 3, the provisions of the newly amended Title V of the Constitution also applies to the five Regions with special Statutes adopted by constitutional law, as long as these provisions provide for wider powers than those which have been assigned to them until now. (b) According to Art. 11 of the Constitutional law of 18 October 2001, no. 3, the Chambers have to change their respective Standing Orders to allow representatives from the Regions and the other local public bodies to take part in the proceedings of the Parliamentary Commission for regional affairs, whenever it discusses bills that contain fundamental principles pertaining to concurrent legislative powers, as laid down in Article 117 (3), or exercise financial autonomy, as laid down in Article 119. } [Part 0] Fundamental Principles Article 1 [Form of State] (1) Italy is a democratic republic based on labor. (2) The sovereignty belongs to the people who exercise it in the forms and limits of the constitution. Article 2 [Human Rights] The republic recognizes and guarantees the inviolable human rights, be it as an individual or in social groups expressing their personality, and it ensures the performance of the unalterable duty to political, economic, and social solidarity. Article 3 [Equality] (1) All citizens have equal social status and are equal before the law, without regard to their sex, race, language, religion, political opinions, and personal or social conditions. (2) It is the duty of the republic to remove all economic and social obstacles that, by limiting the freedom and equality of citizens, prevent full individual development and the participation of all workers in the political, economic, and social organization of the country. Article 4 [Work] (1) The republic recognizes the right of all citizens to work and promotes conditions to fulfill this right. (2) According to capability and choice, every citizen has the duty to undertake an activity or a function that will contribute to the material and moral progress of society. Article 5 [Local Autonomy] The republic, one and indivisible, recognizes and promotes local autonomy; it fully applies administrative decentralization of state services and adopts principles and methods of legislation meeting the requirements of autonomy and decentralization. Article 6 [Linguistic Minorities] The republic protects linguistic minorities by special laws. Article 7 [Relation between State and Church] (1) State and catholic church are, each within their own reign, independent and sovereign. (2) Their relationship is regulated by the lateran pacts. Amendments to these pacts which are accepted by both parties do not require the procedure of constitutional amendments