工程科学学报，第40卷，第9期：1027-1035,2018年9月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.40,No.9:1027-1035,September 2018 DOI:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2018.09.002;http://journals.ustb.edu.cn 胶结充填用冶金渣协同垃圾焚烧飞灰固镉机理 杨 恒⑧，倪文，张思奇，马旭明 北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院，北京100083 ☒通信作者，E-mail:yangheng2018@126.com 摘要胶结充填采矿协同利用垃圾焚烧飞灰是解决飞灰日益激增的新思路，可大量资源化利用飞灰并固化其中的重金属 离子.本文以矿渣一钢渣基胶凝材料（简称治金渣胶凝材料）分别结合4种城市垃圾焚烧(MSI)飞灰制备胶凝材料，并以全 尾砂作为骨料制成胶结充填料，测定充填料试样的流动度、抗压强度以及Cd·浸出质量浓度：治金渣一垃圾焚烧飞灰基充填料 试样的流动度为240~265mm,满足矿山充填的泵送要求：28d抗压强度均大于8.88MPa,满足一般矿山充填1~6.5MPa的强 度要求：CP·浸出液质量浓度低于饮用水标准5μgL的限值.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(R)和热重一差示扫描量 热法(TG-DSC)分析表明胶凝材料的主要水化产物组成为钙矾石、Friedel盐和CS-H凝胶：通过X射线光电子能谱(XPS)发 现Cd2·对A·的结合能有较大影响，钙矾石、Friedel盐可能对镉离子有固化作用. 关键词冶金渣：垃圾焚烧飞灰：胶凝材料：镉 分类号TD981 Mechanisms of solidification of cadmium in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash usinga slag cemented backfill agent YANG Heng,NI Wen,ZHANG Si-qi,MA Xu-ming School of Civil and Resources Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:yangheng2018@126.com ABSTRACT In cement production,the synergistic use of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI)fly ash provides a novel ap- proach to solve the problem of the increasing productions of fly ash and heavy metal ions.In this study,slag-steel slag based cementi- tious material(referred to as metallurgical slag cementitious materials)was combined with four types of MSWI fly ash for preparing ce- mentitious materials,all of which use sand as a binder.According to the determination of fluidity,compressive strength and Cdleac- hing concentration of filler samples,the following are found:(1)the flow rate of filler material prepared from metallurgical slag and fly ash is 240-265 mm,which fulfills the pumping requirement of mine filling:(2)the 28-day compressive strength values are >8.88 MPa,which meets the general mine filling strength requirements (1-6.5 MPa):and (3)the Cd2'leachate concentration is lower than the drinking water standard of 5 ugL limit.The results of X-ray diffraction,infrared spectroscopy,and thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry show that the leading hydration products of gelling materials are ettringite,Friedel,and C-S-H.Furthermore, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results reveal that Cd2has a great effect on the binding energy of Al.Ettringite and Friedel salts are found to have a curing effect on cadmium ions. KEY WORDS metallurgical slag;waste incineration fly ash:cementitious materials;cadmium 目前北京全市垃圾焚烧比例约28%，垃圾焚烧到2018年底垃圾焚烧日处理量将达到2.5万t,年 日处理量1.7万t,年产垃圾焚烧飞灰约18.6万t; 产垃圾焚烧飞灰约27.4万t.如实现垃圾百分之百 收稿日期：2017-09-06工程科学学报，第 40 卷，第 9 期: 1027--1035，2018 年 9 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering，Vol． 40，No． 9: 1027--1035，September 2018 DOI: 10． 13374 /j． issn2095--9389． 2018． 09． 002; http: / /journals． ustb． edu． cn 胶结充填用冶金渣协同垃圾焚烧飞灰固镉机理 杨 恒，倪 文，张思奇，马旭明 北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院，北京 100083 通信作者，E-mail: yangheng2018@ 126． com 摘 要 胶结充填采矿协同利用垃圾焚烧飞灰是解决飞灰日益激增的新思路，可大量资源化利用飞灰并固化其中的重金属 离子． 本文以矿渣--钢渣基胶凝材料( 简称冶金渣胶凝材料) 分别结合 4 种城市垃圾焚烧( MSWI) 飞灰制备胶凝材料，并以全 尾砂作为骨料制成胶结充填料，测定充填料试样的流动度、抗压强度以及 Cd2 + 浸出质量浓度: 冶金渣--垃圾焚烧飞灰基充填料 试样的流动度为 240 ～ 265 mm，满足矿山充填的泵送要求; 28 d 抗压强度均大于 8. 88 MPa，满足一般矿山充填 1 ～ 6. 5 MPa 的强 度要求; Cd2 + 浸出液质量浓度低于饮用水标准 5 μg·L － 1的限值． 通过 X 射线衍射( XＲD) 、红外光谱( IＲ) 和热重--差示扫描量 热法( TG--DSC) 分析表明胶凝材料的主要水化产物组成为钙矾石、Friedel 盐和 C--S--H 凝胶; 通过 X 射线光电子能谱( XPS) 发 现 Cd2 + 对 Al3 + 的结合能有较大影响，钙矾石、Friedel 盐可能对镉离子有固化作用． 关键词 冶金渣; 垃圾焚烧飞灰; 胶凝材料; 镉 分类号 TD981 收稿日期: 2017--09--06 Mechanisms of solidification of cadmium in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash usinga slag cemented backfill agent YANG Heng ，NI Wen，ZHANG Si-qi，MA Xu-ming School of Civil and Ｒesources Engineering，University of Science and Technology Beijing，Beijing 100083，China Corresponding author，E-mail: yangheng2018@ 126． com ABSTＲACT In cement production，the synergistic use of municipal solid waste incineration ( MSWI) fly ash provides a novel ap￾proach to solve the problem of the increasing productions of fly ash and heavy metal ions． In this study，slag--steel slag based cementi￾tious material ( referred to as metallurgical slag cementitious materials) was combined with four types of MSWI fly ash for preparing ce￾mentitious materials，all of which use sand as a binder． According to the determination of fluidity，compressive strength and Cd2 + leac￾hing concentration of filler samples，the following are found: ( 1) the flow rate of filler material prepared from metallurgical slag and fly ash is 240--265 mm，which fulfills the pumping requirement of mine filling; ( 2) the 28-day compressive strength values are ＞ 8. 88 MPa，which meets the general mine filling strength requirements ( 1--6. 5 MPa) ; and ( 3) the Cd2 + leachate concentration is lower than the drinking water standard of 5μg·L － 1 limit． The results of X-ray diffraction，infrared spectroscopy，and thermogravimetry--differential scanning calorimetry show that the leading hydration products of gelling materials are ettringite，Friedel，and C--S--H． Furthermore， X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results reveal that Cd2 + has a great effect on the binding energy of Al3 + ． Ettringite and Friedel salts are found to have a curing effect on cadmium ions． KEY WOＲDS metallurgical slag; waste incineration fly ash; cementitious materials; cadmium 目前北京全市垃圾焚烧比例约 28% ，垃圾焚烧 日处理量 1. 7 万 t，年产垃圾焚烧飞灰约 18. 6 万 t; 到 2018 年底垃圾焚烧日处理量将达到 2. 5 万 t，年 产垃圾焚烧飞灰约 27. 4 万 t． 如实现垃圾百分之百