9/21/2016 Foodborne Outbreaks Foodborne Outbreaks Highly underestimated Incidences of outbreaks vary greatly short duration of the illness (24 h) Vary in countries from 1%-47% similarity of symptoms caused by other Highest number of cases are in Iceland. foodborne pathogens Norway,and the Netherlands number of cases are too small to In the Netherlands,B.cereus caused register as an outbreak 27%of the outbreaks for which an dosage-103-104organisms organism was identified spoilage due to proteases which give off- However,B.cereus caused only 2.8% flavors of foodborne cases since most had an unknown etiology Disease Characteristics Dose Steinar Hauge Some strains make both toxins 1947-1949 -first diarrheal outbreaks of Table Character ofthe two types ofneby B.cereus occurred in Oslo,Norway from Characteristic Diarrheal syndrome Emetic syndrome vanilla sauce Dose cauing illn线 10-1cells ota) Taxin produced ntheln Dessert was prepared and stored at room Type o toxin Proteinr) temperature until it was eaten the next day 1950,Steinar Hauge proved that B.cereus is a human Duration of ilinesn 6-24h pathogen causing food poisoning -corn starch contained ~10 B.cereusspores per gram -demonstrated Koch's postulates >grew B.cereus to 4x106 cells per ml >drank 200 ml of bacterial suspension >13 hrs later-symptoms of food poisoning started 49/21/2016 4 Foodborne Outbreaks Highly underestimated • short duration of the illness (<24 h) • similarity of symptoms caused by other foodborne pathogens • number of cases are too small to register as an outbreak • dosage – 103 – 104 organisms • spoilage due to proteases which give off￾flavors Foodborne Outbreaks Incidences of outbreaks vary greatly • Vary in countries from 1% - 47% • Highest number of cases are in Iceland, Norway, and the Netherlands • In the Netherlands, B. cereus caused 27% of the outbreaks for which an organism was identified - However, B. cereus caused only 2.8% of foodborne cases since most had an unknown etiology Disease Characteristics Some strains make both toxins Dose • 1947-1949 -first diarrheal outbreaks of B. cereus occurred in Oslo, Norway from vanilla sauce • Dessert was prepared and stored at room temperature until it was eaten the next day • 1950, Steinar Hauge proved that B. cereus is a human pathogen causing food poisoning - corn starch contained ~104 B. cereus spores per gram - demonstrated Koch’s postulates  grew B. cereus to 4×106 cells per ml  drank 200 ml of bacterial suspension  13 hrs later - symptoms of food poisoning started