Cardiac dysfunction Contractility↓，Relaxation) Cardiac output↓ Cardiac Vessel B1-R↓ Constriction 米RAAtCA ↓ Contractility Sodium and water Compliance↓ *Preloadt Resistance Compliance↓ retention Afterload Blood ardiac hypertrophy and volume reconstruction Vessel hypertrophy and reconstruction ↓ Returning blood Edema volume↑ Phathophysiology of Heart FailureCardiac dysfunction (Contractility↓，Relaxation↓) Cardiac output ↓ Sodium and water retention Blood volume↑ Edema Vessel Constriction Resistance↑ Compliance↓ Afterload↑ Vessel hypertrophy and reconstruction Cardiac β1-R↓ Contractility Compliance↓ Cardiac hypertrophy and reconstruction Returning blood volume↑ Preload↑ RAA↑CA↑ Phathophysiology of Heart Failure