196 极地研究 第24卷 中间部分航线尽量争取考虑沿陆坡的航行考察;在累相关基础资料。 西北航道,可考虑参与加拿大的建站和航线考察,积 参考文献 1李振福,李亚军,孙建平.北极航道海运网络的国家权益格局复杂特征硏究.极地研究,201,23(2):122-127 2http://www.alaskadispatch.comv/article/northwest-passage-too-small-compete-northerm-sea?page=full. 3潘敏,周燚栋。论北极环境变化对中国非传统安全的影响.极地研究,2010,22(4):415-42. 4夏立平.北极环境变化对全球安全和中国国家安全的影响.世界经济与政治,2011,(1):122-133 5苏洁,徐栋,赵进平,等.北极加速变暖条件下西北航道的海冰分布变化特征.极地研究,2010,22(2):104-125. 6 Arctic Marine Shipping Assessment 2009 Report. Arctic Council, 26-28 7张璐,张占海,李群,等.近30年北极海冰异常变化趋势.极地研究,2009,21(4):344-352 8 Wang M Y, Overland J E. A sea ice free summer Arctic within 30 years? Geophysical Research Letters, 2009, 36: 107502, doi: 10. 1029, 2009GL037820 9 Raven J, Caldeira K, Elderfield H, et al. Ocean acidification due to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide. London: The Royal Society, Policy 10董跃,陈奕肜,李升成。北极环境治理中的软法因素:以北极环境保护战略为例.中国海洋大学学报(社会科学版),2010,(1):17 ILessonsNotLearmed:20YearsAftertheExxonValdezDisasterZ/ol.http://www.worldwildlife.org/what/howwedoit 12http://www.nserc-crsng.ge.ca/media-media/newsreleAse-communiquedEpresse_eng.asp?Id=250 13http://www.chnl.no/?page=37&news=7&title=Shipping+in+Arctic+waters. THE PROGRESS OF EXPEDITIONS AND RESEARCH IN THE SEAS RELATED TO THE ARCTIC PASSAGES He jianfeng, Wu rongrong, Zhang Fang, Wang Yong, Yu Yong, ( The Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration, State Oceanic Administration, Beijing 100086, China) Since 1999, China has undertaken four Arctic expeditions to the Bering Sea, the Chukchi Sea, the Beaufort Sea the canade basin and the makarov b Global climate change has caused a decline in sea ice coverage in the Arctic Ocean in summer, leading to the opening of the Northeast and Northwest Passages. The Arctic shelf seas,where the passages are located, are not only the ares with the most significant sea ice changes, but are also the areas with the most significant land-ocean interactions. Sea ics changes have significant impact on the Arctic re- gional climate, ecosystems and biodiversity, and the local economy and indigenous people. This study summarizes scientific investigations in the main area of the Arctic passages in recent years and provides comments on future hinese Arctic cruises in the passage area form the viewpoint of scientific research Key words Arctic passage, expedition, research, progress中间部分航线尽量争取考虑沿陆坡的航行考察；在 西北航道，可考虑参与加拿大的建站和航线考察，积 累相关基础资料。 参考文献 １ 李振福，李亚军，孙建平．北极航道海运网络的国家权益格局复杂特征研究．极地研究，２０１１，２３（２）：１２２—１２７． ２ ｈｔｔｐ：∥ｗｗｗ．ａｌａｓｋａｄｉｓｐａｔｃｈ．ｃｏｍ／ａｒｔｉｃｌｅ／ｎｏｒｔｈｗｅｓｔｐａｓｓａｇｅｔｏｏｓｍａｌｌｃｏｍｐｅｔｅｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎｓｅａ？ｐａｇｅ＝ｆｕｌｌ． ３ 潘敏，周邁栋．论北极环境变化对中国非传统安全的影响．极地研究，２０１０，２２（４）：４１５—４２２． ４ 夏立平．北极环境变化对全球安全和中国国家安全的影响．世界经济与政治，２０１１，（１）：１２２—１３３． ５ 苏洁，徐栋，赵进平，等．北极加速变暖条件下西北航道的海冰分布变化特征．极地研究，２０１０，２２（２）：１０４—１２５． ６ ＡｒｃｔｉｃＭａｒｉｎｅＳｈｉｐｐｉｎｇＡｓｓｅｓｓｍｅｎｔ２００９Ｒｅｐｏｒｔ．ＡｒｃｔｉｃＣｏｕｎｃｉｌ，２６—２８． ７ 张璐，张占海，李群，等．近 ３０年北极海冰异常变化趋势．极地研究，２００９，２１（４）：３４４—３５２． ８ ＷａｎｇＭ Ｙ，ＯｖｅｒｌａｎｄＪＥ．ＡｓｅａｉｃｅｆｒｅｅｓｕｍｍｅｒＡｒｃｔｉｃｗｉｔｈｉｎ３０ｙｅａｒｓ？ＧｅｏｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＬｅｔｔｅｒｓ，２００９，３６：Ｌ０７５０２，ｄｏｉ：１０．１０２９／ ２００９ＧＬ０３７８２０． ９ ＲａｖｅｎＪ，ＣａｌｄｅｉｒａＫ，ＥｌｄｅｒｆｉｅｌｄＨ，ｅｔａｌ．Ｏｃｅａｎａｃｉｄｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎｄｕｅｔｏｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃｃａｒｂｏｎｄｉｏｘｉｄｅ．Ｌｏｎｄｏｎ：ＴｈｅＲｏｙａｌＳｏｃｉｅｔｙ，Ｐｏｌｉｃｙ Ｄｏｃｕｍｅｎｔ，２００５：６０． １０ 董跃，陈奕彤，李升成．北极环境治理中的软法因素：以北极环境保护战略为例．中国海洋大学学报 （社会科学版），２０１０，（１）：１７— ２２． １１ ＬｅｓｓｏｎｓＮｏｔＬｅａｒｎｅｄ：２０ＹｅａｒｓＡｆｔｅｒｔｈｅＥｘｘｏｎＶａｌｄｅｚＤｉｓａｓｔｅｒＺ／ＯＬ．ｈｔｔｐ：∥ｗｗｗ．ｗｏｒｌｄｗｉｌｄｌｉｆｅ．ｏｒｇ／ｗｈａｔ／ｈｏｗｗｅｄｏｉｔ／． １２ ｈｔｔｐ：∥ｗｗｗ．ｎｓｅｒｃｃｒｓｎｇ．ｇｃ．ｃａ／ＭｅｄｉａＭｅｄｉａ／ＮｅｗｓＲｅｌｅａｓｅＣｏｍｍｕｎｉｑｕｅＤｅＰｒｅｓｓｅ＿ｅｎｇ．ａｓｐ？ＩＤ＝２５０． １３ ｈｔｔｐ：∥ｗｗｗ．ｃｈｎｌ．ｎｏ／？ｐａｇｅ＝３７＆ｎｅｗｓ＝７＆ｔｉｔｌｅ＝Ｓｈｉｐｐｉｎｇ＋ｉｎ＋Ａｒｃｔｉｃ＋Ｗａｔｅｒｓ． ＴＨＥＰＲＯＧＲＥＳＳＯＦＥＸＰＥＤＩＴＩＯＮＳＡＮＤＲＥＳＥＡＲＣＨＩＮＴＨＥＳＥＡＳ ＲＥＬＡＴＥＤＴＯＴＨＥＡＲＣＴＩＣＰＡＳＳＡＧＥＳ ＨｅＪｉａｎｆｅｎｇ １ ，ＷｕＲｏｎｇｒｏｎｇ １ ，ＺｈａｎｇＦａｎｇ １ ，ＷａｎｇＹｏｎｇ ２ ，ＹｕＹｏｎｇ １ ， （１ＴｈｅＫｅｙＬａｂｏｒａｔｏｒｙｆｏｒＰｏｌａｒＳｃｉｅｎｃｅ，ＰｏｌａｒＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＣｈｉｎａ，Ｓｈａｎｇｈａｉ２００１３６，Ｃｈｉｎａ； ２ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＡｒｃｔｉｃａｎｄＡｎｔａｒｃｔｉｃＡｄｍｉｎｉｓｔｒａｔｉｏｎ，ＳｔａｔｅＯｃｅａｎｉｃＡｄｍｉｎｉｓｔｒａｔｉｏｎ，Ｂｅｉｊｉｎｇ１０００８６，Ｃｈｉｎａ） Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ Ｓｉｎｃｅ１９９９，ＣｈｉｎａｈａｓｕｎｄｅｒｔａｋｅｎｆｏｕｒＡｒｃｔｉｃｅｘｐｅｄｉｔｉｏｎｓｔｏｔｈｅＢｅｒｉｎｇＳｅａ，ｔｈｅＣｈｕｋｃｈｉＳｅａ，ｔｈｅＢｅａｕｆｏｒｔ Ｓｅａ，ｔｈｅＣａｎａｄｅＢａｓｉｎａｎｄｔｈｅＭａｋａｒｏｖＢａｓｉｎ．Ｇｌｏｂａｌｃｌｉｍａｔｅｃｈａｎｇｅｈａｓｃａｕｓｅｄａｄｅｃｌｉｎｅｉｎｓｅａｉｃｅｃｏｖｅｒａｇｅｉｎ ｔｈｅＡｒｃｔｉｃＯｃｅａｎｉｎｓｕｍｍｅｒ，ｌｅａｄｉｎｇｔｏｔｈｅｏｐｅｎｉｎｇｏｆｔｈｅＮｏｒｔｈｅａｓｔａｎｄＮｏｒｔｈｗｅｓｔＰａｓｓａｇｅｓ．ＴｈｅＡｒｃｔｉｃｓｈｅｌｆ ｓｅａｓ，ｗｈｅｒｅｔｈｅｐａｓｓａｇｅｓａｒｅｌｏｃａｔｅｄ，ａｒｅｎｏｔｏｎｌｙｔｈｅａｒｅｓｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｓｅａｉｃｅｃｈａｎｇｅｓ，ｂｕｔａｒｅａｌｓｏ ｔｈｅａｒｅａｓｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌａｎｄｏｃｅａｎｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｏｎｓ．ＳｅａｉｃｓｃｈａｎｇｅｓｈａｖｅｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｉｍｐａｃｔｏｎｔｈｅＡｒｃｔｉｃｒｅ ｇｉｏｎａｌｃｌｉｍａｔｅ，ｅｃｏｓｙｓｔｅｍｓａｎｄｂｉｏｄｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ，ａｎｄｔｈｅｌｏｃａｌｅｃｏｎｏｍｙａｎｄｉｎｄｉｇｅｎｏｕｓｐｅｏｐｌｅ．Ｔｈｉｓｓｔｕｄｙｓｕｍｍａｒｉｚｅｓ ｔｈｅｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎｓｉｎｔｈｅｍａｉｎａｒｅａｏｆｔｈｅＡｒｃｔｉｃｐａｓｓａｇｅｓｉｎｒｅｃｅｎｔｙｅａｒｓａｎｄｐｒｏｖｉｄｅｓｃｏｍｍｅｎｔｓｏｎｆｕｔｕｒｅ ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＡｒｃｔｉｃｃｒｕｉｓｅｓｉｎｔｈｅｐａｓｓａｇｅａｒｅａｆｏｒｍｔｈｅｖｉｅｗｐｏｉｎｔｏｆｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ． Ｋｅｙｗｏｒｄｓ Ａｒｃｔｉｃｐａｓｓａｇｅ，ｅｘｐｅｄｉｔｉｏｎ，ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ，ｐｒｏｇｒｅｓｓ １９６ 极地研究 第 ２４卷