CEREALS OF THE WORLD 83 TABLE 4.3 Grade Characteristics of Canada Westen Red Spring Wheat and Canada Utihty Wheat, 199/ Maximum limits(%)of test Other than Contrasting Ib/bu cereal grains Total Canada Western Red Spring No. I CWRS 0.2 1.0 No. 2 CWRS 10.0 Canada Western Utility 0.3 CW Feed no mIn mit but not me than 10% amber durum Source: Official Grain Grading Guide, 1991 edition. Canadian Grain Commission, Winnipeg No. I CWRS, and 35% for No. 2 CWRS. no being grown on only 6% of the wheat area in minimum is prescribed for No. 3 CWRS western Canada The protein content of CWrS wheat ranges The grading(Table 4.3)includes a maximum limit 18%, but Nos l and 2 CWRS can be supplied at for wheat of other classes. Until recently, wheat guaranteed minimum protein levels of 11.5%, of other classes'meant wheat of classes or varieties 12.5%, 13.5% and 14.5%(on 13. 5% m.c. basis). not equal to Marquis, but marquis was replaced The average yield in 1989 was 18 gha(22 ha in as the standard variety by Neepawa in 1987. 1986), the yield and protein content tending to be Neepawa was bred from(Thatcher X Frontana)x related inversely. The moisture content at harvest (Thatcher x Kenya Farmer)x( Thatcher x is usually 11-13%, and for inclusion in the straight Frontana-Thatcher), and is superior to marquis in grades the moisture content must not exceed resistance to stem rust. The variety of CWRS most 14.5%. Wheat with 14.6-17.0% m.c. is graded widely grown at present is Katepwa: it is resistant tough; with 17. 1% m.c. or over, 'damp to stem rust (Puccinia graminis tritici)and common Marquis is a variety of CwrS wheat which was root rot, and moderately resistant to leaf rust grown extensively for a long period It was bred (Puccinia triticina) and loose smut, though modera- by crossing Red Fife, a good milling variety which tely susceptible to speckled leaf disease( septoria was liable to frost damage, with Hard Red The Export Standards for the CWRS grades Calcutta, an Indian early-ripening variety. Marquis shown in Table 4.4, are somewhat stricter than the inherited the good milling and early ripening primary grade characteristics, shown in Table 4.3 characters of its parents. However, Marquis was Early frosts may reduce the yield of grain and susceptible to rust(cf. p. 7)and has been largely lower its milling quality by increasing the propor replaced by other varieties, such as Thatcher, tion of small shrivelled grains with low endosperm bred from the double cross(Marquis x Iumillo) content, and adversely affect baking quality X(Marquis x Kanred), and Selkirk, bred from because the milled flour is of high maltose content (McMurachy X Exchange)x Redman. The variety and produces a fiowy dough elkirk is equal to Marquis in breadmaking ty and Canada Western Utility (CWU) wheat and race 15B. In 1958 Selkirk comprised over 80% Feed wheat of the spring wheat area in Manitoba and 28%of Red Spring Wheat which does not attain the that grown in Saskatchewan, but by 1969 it was required standards for Nos 1-3 CWRS may beCEREALS OF THE WORLD 83 TABLE 4.3 Grade Characteristics of Canada Western Red Spring Wheat and Canada Utility Wheat, 1991 * Maximum limits (Oh) of Foreign material Wheat of other classes Minimum test weight Other than Contrasting Grade 1 bibu kgihl cereal grains Total classes Total Canada Western Red Spring No. 1 CWRS 60.1 75.0 0.2 0.75 1 .o 3.0 No. 2 CWRS 57.7 72.0 0.3 1.5 3.0 6.0 No. 3 CWRS 55.3 69.0 0.5 3.5 5.0 10.0 Canada Western Utility No. 1 CWU 60.1 75 .O 0.3 2.0 3.0 10.0 No. 2 CWU 57.7 72.0 0.5 4.0 5.0 20.0 CW Feed no min. 1 .o 10.0 no limit, but not more than 10% amber durum * Source: Official Grain Grading Guide, 1991 edition. Canadian Grain Commission, Winnipeg. No. 1 CWRS, and 35% for No. 2 CWRS. No being grown on only 6% of the wheat area in minimum is prescribed for No. 3 CWRS. western Canada. The protein content of CWRS wheat ranges 9- The grading (Table 4.3) includes a maximum limit 18%, but Nos 1 and 2 CWRS can be supplied at for ‘wheat of other classes’. Until recently, ‘wheat guaranteed minimum protein levels of 11 Soh, of other classes’ meant ‘wheat of classes or varieties 12.5%, 13.5% and 14.5% (on 13.5% m.c. basis). not equal to Marquis’, but Marquis was replaced The average yield in 1989 was 18 q/ha (22 q/ha in as the standard variety by Neepawa in 1987. 1986), the yield and protein content tending to be Neepawa was bred from (Thatcher x Frontana) x related inversely. The moisture content at harvest (Thatcher X Kenya Farmer) x (Thatcher x is usually 11-13%, and for inclusion in the straight Frontana-Thatcher), and is superior to Marquis in grades the moisture content must not exceed resistance to stem rust. The variety of CWRS most 14.5%. Wheat with 14.6-17.0% m.c. is graded widely grown at present is Katepwa: it is resistant ‘tough’; with 17.1% m.c. or over, ‘damp’. to stem rust (Puccinia graminis tritici) and common Marquis is a variety of CWRS wheat which was root rot, and moderately resistant to leaf rust grown extensively for a long period. It was bred (Puccinia triticzna) and loose smut, though modera￾by crossing Red Fife, a good milling variety which tely susceptible to speckled leaf disease (Septoria). was liable to frost damage, with Hard Red The Export Standards for the CWRS grades, Calcutta, an Indian early-ripening variety. Marquis shown in Table 4.4, are somewhat stricter than the inherited the good milling and early ripening primary grade characteristics, shown in Table 4.3. characters of its parents. However, Marquis was Early frosts may reduce the Yield of grain and susceptible to rust (cf. p. 7) and has been largely lower its milling quality by increasing the Propor￾replaced by other varieties, such as Thatcher, tion Of smafl Shrivelled grains With low endosFm bred from the double cross (Marquis x Iumillo) content, and adversely affect baking quality, x (~~~~~i~ x Kanred), and Selkirk, bred from because the milled flour is of high maltose content (McMurachy x Exchange) x Redman. The variety and produces a flowy dough￾Selkirk is equal to Marquis in breadmaking Canada Western Utility (CWU) wheat and quality and, in addition, is resistant to stem rust Feed wheat race 15B. In 1958 Selkirk comprised over 80% of the spring wheat area in Manitoba and 28% of Red Spring Wheat which does not attain the that grown in Saskatchewan, but by 1969 it was required standards for Nos 1-3 CWRS may be