Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS LIST OF FIGURES …14 LIST OF PLATES. .15 FOREWORD... CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION. 10 CHAPTER 2 THE DAFFODIL IN HISTORY 22 ce and Egyp China and its Sa cred Lily.. emish Wea rs and Hugue not Refuge In the Gardens of Mainland Europe. The aff ew Zealand. United States of America. CHAPTER 3 THE DAFFODIL IN LTERATURE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE VICTORIAN HYBRIDISTS. .32 CHAPTER 4 DAFFODIL CLASSIFICATION..... .37 d List of Daffodil Names and Register CHAPTER 5 WILD DAFFODILS AND THEIR ROLE IN CREATING CULTIVARS .47 SECTION Taneinanthus SECTION Serotini SECTION Jonquillo SECTION Bulbo fodil in 15th Century Mainland Europe The bota Th mily. rly deve mment of double-flowered cultivars 113 The S atieieids3hnd-Ro warne Experimental Horticulture Station,Camborne,Cornwall.. of wand and ford (189 1978 James Coey(1863-1921 124 5 Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ......................................................................................................................................................11 LIST OF FIGURES.................................................................................................................................................................14 LIST OF PLATES...................................................................................................................................................................15 FOREWORD .......................................................................................................................................................................18 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................................................19 CHAPTER 2 THE DAFFODIL IN HISTORY ..............................................................................................................................22 Ancient Greece and Egypt...............................................................................................................................................................22 The Mughals and Islam ...................................................................................................................................................................22 China and its Sacred Lily..................................................................................................................................................................23 Into Northern Europe......................................................................................................................................................................23 Flemish Weavers and Huguenot Refugees......................................................................................................................................24 In the Gardens of Mainland Europe................................................................................................................................................25 Gerard, Tradescant and Parkinson..................................................................................................................................................25 19th Century Daffodil Hunters........................................................................................................................................................26 The Daffodil in the Landscape.........................................................................................................................................................27 The Spread of Interest Overseas.....................................................................................................................................................29 Australia and New Zealand .............................................................................................................................................................30 United States of America ................................................................................................................................................................30 CHAPTER 3 THE DAFFODIL IN LITERATURE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE VICTORIAN HYBRIDISTS.....................................32 CHAPTER 4 DAFFODIL CLASSIFICATION..............................................................................................................................37 The Classified List of Daffodil Names and the International Register .............................................................................................42 Awards to Daffodils.........................................................................................................................................................................43 CHAPTER 5 WILD DAFFODILS AND THEIR ROLE IN CREATING CULTIVARS..........................................................................47 SECTION Tapeinanthus....................................................................................................................................................................57 SECTION Serotini .............................................................................................................................................................................57 SECTION Tazettae ...........................................................................................................................................................................58 SECTION Narcissus..........................................................................................................................................................................62 SECTION Jonquilla ...........................................................................................................................................................................65 SECTION Apodanthi.........................................................................................................................................................................68 SECTION Ganymedes.......................................................................................................................................................................70 SECTION Bulbocodium ....................................................................................................................................................................71 SECTION Pseudonarcissus...............................................................................................................................................................74 Intersectional Hybrids.....................................................................................................................................................................80 The Daffodil in 15th Century Mainland Europe ............................................................................................................................101 England .........................................................................................................................................................................................101 In the beginning.......................................................................................................................................................................101 Enthusiasts of the early 19th century ......................................................................................................................................102 The clergy lend a hand.............................................................................................................................................................104 The botanists ...........................................................................................................................................................................106 The ‘King of Daffodils’..............................................................................................................................................................107 The Backhouses .......................................................................................................................................................................108 The Williams’ family.................................................................................................................................................................110 One to remember....................................................................................................................................................................111 The early development of double-flowered cultivars..............................................................................................................113 Small is beautiful......................................................................................................................................................................113 Other recent hybridists in England ..........................................................................................................................................114 The State lends a hand – Rosewarne Experimental Horticulture Station, Camborne, Cornwall .............................................116 Hybridists, Botanists and Enthusiasts in Ireland ......................................................................................................................117 The Richardsons of Waterford (1890-1978) ............................................................................................................................120 James Coey (1863-1921...........................................................................................................................................................124