第36卷第4期 北京科技大学学报 Vol.36 No.4 2014年4月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Apr.2014 水口底部形状对高拉速板坯连铸结晶器液面特征的 影响 邓小旋2回，熊霄”，王新华”，李林平”，郝晨晖”，魏鹏远”，季晨曦》 1)北京科技大学治金与生态工程学院，北京1000832)首钢技术研究院，北京100041 ☒通信作者，Emai:d042@163.com 摘要采用1：1的水模型和工业试验研究了水口底部形状（凹底、平底和凸底）和凹底水口井深（井深分别为0、10和 20mm)对结晶器流场与自由液面特征的影响.在拉速为1.8m·min时，凹底水口和平底水口下结晶器内流场的对称性要优 于凸底水口.三种水口条件下结晶器液面的表面流速变化规律为凸底水口>平底水口>凹底水口.对比不同井深凹底水口 的液面特征发现：井深为10m的凹底水口可以有效降低结晶器的液面波动与表面流速，防止卷渣的发生.工业试验对比了 凹底与凸底水口在实际生产中的使用效果，发现凸底水口下的液面波动显著大于凹底水口.凸底水口下结晶器液面波动变化 的功率（频率为0.003~0.05Hz)比凹底水口大约10倍，这与水模型的结果吻合较好. 关键词连铸：板坯：结品器；浸入式水口 分类号T℉777.1 Effect of nozzle bottom shapes on level fluctuation and meniscus velocity in high- speed continuous casting molds DENG Xiao-xuan,XIONG Xiao,WANG Xin-hua),LI Lin-ping",HAO Chen-hui),WEI Peng-yuan,JI Chen-xi2) 1)School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 2)Shougang Research Institute of Technology,Beijing 100041,China Corresponding author,E-mail:dxx042@163.com ABSTRACT The effects of the bottom shapes (well-bottom,flat-bottom and mountain-bottom)of submerged entry nozzles (SENs) and the well depth of well-bottom SENs (0,10 and 20 mm)on the level characteristics of high-speed continuous casting molds were investigated by full scale water modeling and plant trials.Fluid flows in the molds with well-bottom and flat-bottom SENs are more symmetrical than those with mountain-bottom SENs.The decreasing order of meniscus velocity in the molds is from mountain-bottom, flat-bottom to well-bottom SENs.Comparative studies on the level characteristics of the molds between well-bottom SENs with different well depths show that well-bottom SENs with the well depth of 10 mm can decrease the level fluctuation and meniscus velocity,and this is helpful to prevent slag entrapment.Plant trials indicate that level fluctuation in the molds with mountain-bottom SENs is higher than that with well-bottom SENs,and this agrees well with the water modeling results.The power density spectra of level fluctuation using mountain-bottom SENs are about 10 times as large as those using well-bottom SENs at the frequency ranging from 0.003 to 0.05 Hz. KEY WORDS continuous casting:slabs;casting molds:submerged entry nozzles 高拉速连铸由于其高效和较低成本一直是治金速连铸最高水平的日本钢厂研究)显示：对于低碳 工作者追求的目标.但是，随着拉速的提高，结晶器 钢和超低碳钢来说，在高拉速下结晶器弯月面处钩 流场的不稳定与不对称性增加：结晶器液面保护渣 状坯壳(hook)的深度将会变小，其捕捉夹杂物的能 的卷入以及铸坯表层缺陷也会随之增加.代表高拉 力和后续冷轧板的表面缺陷也会相应减少习.铸 收稿日期：201302-24 DOI:10.13374/j.issn1001-053x.2014.04.014:http:/journals.ustb.edu.cn第 36 卷 第 4 期 2014 年 4 月 北京科技大学学报 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol． 36 No． 4 Apr． 2014 水口底部形状对高拉速板坯连铸结晶器液面特征的 影响 邓小旋1，2) ，熊 霄1) ，王新华1) ，李林平1) ，郝晨晖1) ，魏鹏远1) ，季晨曦2) 1) 北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院，北京 100083 2) 首钢技术研究院，北京 100041  通信作者，E-mail: dxx042@ 163． com 摘 要 采用 1∶ 1的水模型和工业试验研究了水口底部形状( 凹底、平底和凸底) 和凹底水口井深( 井深分别为 0、10 和 20 mm) 对结晶器流场与自由液面特征的影响． 在拉速为 1. 8 m·min － 1 时，凹底水口和平底水口下结晶器内流场的对称性要优 于凸底水口． 三种水口条件下结晶器液面的表面流速变化规律为凸底水口 ＞ 平底水口 ＞ 凹底水口． 对比不同井深凹底水口 的液面特征发现: 井深为 10 mm 的凹底水口可以有效降低结晶器的液面波动与表面流速，防止卷渣的发生． 工业试验对比了 凹底与凸底水口在实际生产中的使用效果，发现凸底水口下的液面波动显著大于凹底水口． 凸底水口下结晶器液面波动变化 的功率( 频率为 0. 003 ～ 0. 05 Hz) 比凹底水口大约 10 倍，这与水模型的结果吻合较好． 关键词 连铸; 板坯; 结晶器; 浸入式水口 分类号 TF777. 1 Effect of nozzle bottom shapes on level fluctuation and meniscus velocity in high￾speed continuous casting molds DENG Xiao-xuan1，2)  ，XIONG Xiao 1) ，WANG Xin-hua1) ，LI Lin-ping1) ，HAO Chen-hui 1) ，WEI Peng-yuan1) ，JI Chen-xi 2) 1) School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering，University of Science and Technology Beijing，Beijing 100083，China 2) Shougang Ｒesearch Institute of Technology，Beijing 100041，China  Corresponding author，E-mail: dxx042@ 163． com ABSTＲACT The effects of the bottom shapes ( well-bottom，flat-bottom and mountain-bottom) of submerged entry nozzles ( SENs) and the well depth of well-bottom SENs ( 0，10 and 20 mm) on the level characteristics of high-speed continuous casting molds were investigated by full scale water modeling and plant trials． Fluid flows in the molds with well-bottom and flat-bottom SENs are more symmetrical than those with mountain-bottom SENs． The decreasing order of meniscus velocity in the molds is from mountain-bottom， flat-bottom to well-bottom SENs． Comparative studies on the level characteristics of the molds between well-bottom SENs with different well depths show that well-bottom SENs with the well depth of 10 mm can decrease the level fluctuation and meniscus velocity，and this is helpful to prevent slag entrapment． Plant trials indicate that level fluctuation in the molds with mountain-bottom SENs is higher than that with well-bottom SENs，and this agrees well with the water modeling results． The power density spectra of level fluctuation using mountain-bottom SENs are about 10 times as large as those using well-bottom SENs at the frequency ranging from 0. 003 to 0. 05 Hz． KEY WOＲDS continuous casting; slabs; casting molds; submerged entry nozzles 收稿日期: 2013--02--24 DOI: 10． 13374 /j． issn1001--053x． 2014． 04． 014; http: / /journals． ustb． edu． cn 高拉速连铸由于其高效和较低成本一直是冶金 工作者追求的目标． 但是，随着拉速的提高，结晶器 流场的不稳定与不对称性增加; 结晶器液面保护渣 的卷入以及铸坯表层缺陷也会随之增加． 代表高拉 速连铸最高水平的日本钢厂研究［1］显示: 对于低碳 钢和超低碳钢来说，在高拉速下结晶器弯月面处钩 状坯壳( hook) 的深度将会变小，其捕捉夹杂物的能 力和后续冷轧板的表面缺陷也会相应减少［1--3］． 铸