hy autonomy Failures Anomalies Communication Coordination New horizons Europ/Robe courtesY Apollo 13 Quintuple fault (three shorts, tank- line and pressure jacket burst, panel es o ofi) Mars polar ander Mars Outpost Massachusetts Institute of Technology2 Massachusetts Institute of Technology Why Autonomy? • Failures • Anomalies • Communication • Coordination courtesy of NASA JPL New Horizons Europa Probe Courtesy of the Johns Hopkins University courtesy of NASA Apollo 13 Quintuple fault (three shorts, tank￾line and pressure jacket burst, panel flies off). Mars Polar Lander courtesy of NASA JPL Mars Outpost courtesy of NASA JPL Applied Physics Laboratory. Used with permission