Cell A B D ■ Ad libitum ontrol females Time(hrs) ria: Deltaorodeabacteriar Desulavibronale, Desullovibnanac. 04=0200 Time(hrs) PcoA1[86.9% H Phylum-level proportional abundance taxon a註aa88588888 Cecu Phylum richness feces (%/100) Phylum richness cecum (%/100)Phylum color ranges Heatmap leve 细=主王 叫转正主王 怕g 吧 8s 要88要四 ce163,1360-1374, December3,2015@2015 Elsevier Inc.1361R5.31 R2.31 R4.31 R6.31 R1.31 R3.31 C5.31 C6.31 C1.31 C8.31 C4.31 C2.31 C3.31 C7.31 Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu10234 Verrucomicrobia;Verrucomicrobiae;Verrucomicrobiales;Verrucomicrobiac. Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;Christensenellaceae Actinobacteria;Coriobacteriia;Coriobacteriales;Coriobacteriaceae Firmicutes;Erysipelotrichi;Erysipelotrichales;Erysipelotrichaceae Bacteroidetes;Bacteroidia;Bacteroidales;Porphyromonadaceae Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu14680 Firmicutes;Bacilli;Lactobacillales;Streptococcaceae Bacteroidetes;Bacteroidia;Bacteroidales;[Odoribacteraceae] Proteobacteria;Alphaproteobacteria;RF32;91otu6104 Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu16967 Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu5188 Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu14676 Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu6640 Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu6340 Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu8083 Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu9255 Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu5878 Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu14543 Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu7553 Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu10543 Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu16941 Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu5473 Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu5977 Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu15800 Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu21549 Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu1083 Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu7098 Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu5626 Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu5842 Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu4292 Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu4244 Bacteroidetes;Bacteroidia;Bacteroidales;S24−7 Bacteroidetes;Bacteroidia;Bacteroidales;Rikenellaceae Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;Ruminococcaceae Proteobacteria;Betaproteobacteria;Burkholderiales;Alcaligenaceae Bacteroidetes;Bacteroidia;Bacteroidales;Bacteroidaceae Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;91otu8259 Deferribacteres;Deferribacteres;Deferribacterales;Deferribacteraceae Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;Dehalobacteriaceae Firmicutes;Clostridia;Clostridiales;Lachnospiraceae Proteobacteria;Deltaproteobacteria;Desulfovibrionales;Desulfovibrionac. 012345 Log10 Abundance –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 *** * 4 8 ∆°C compared to To Time (hrs) 0 4 8 30 32 34 36 38 40 *** * Body temperature (C°) Ad libitum No food 32 34 36 38 40 Body temperature (C°) Control males Abx males * 0 3 * Body temperature (C°) 0 4 24 * * 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 RT Cold fraction of sample taxon Bacteroidetes Firmicutes Verrucomicrobia Proteobacteria Deferribacteres Tenericutes Cyanobacteria Actinobacteria other Cecum Feces Phylum-level proportional abundance 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 Firmicutes *** 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 Bacteroidetes *** 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 Proteobacteria * 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 Ternericutes 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 Act nob i acter a i *** 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 Deferr bi acter ai * RT D0 RT D11 RT D31 Cold D0 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 Verrucomicrob ai ** 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 Cyanobacteria * Phylum richness feces (%/100) 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.000 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.005 RT Cold 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 *** RT Cold 0.0010 0.0012 0.0014 0.0016 0.0018 Firmicutes Bacteroidetes Proteobacteria Ternericutes Actinobacteria Deferribacteria Verrucomicrobia Cyanobacteria * * Phylum richness cecum (%/100) −1.452 −0.972 −0.492 1.02 2.04 3.063 Phylum color ranges Actinobacteria Verrucomicrobia Proteobacteria Firmicutes Tenericutes Deferribacteres Bacteroidetes 245324 178331 2897325 4420206 265483 210073 239562 17822 259870 422727 3392847 265280 1108378 307416 4435561 260756 233817 180919 2901246 266343 267743 276029 262541 309054 346595 261064 263612 797021 6345534 169845 259006 179265 229459 1108078 586453 176868 4425214 4474173 276236 2645488 4374042 3588390 174573 801260 4449518 4331760 4372003 4339144 437137 325850 Cold RT 0 Heatmap level ∆°C compared to To 4 24 * * −0.10 −0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 −0.4 −0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 PCoA 1 [86.9%] PCoA 2 [4.2%] A BC D E F G H I JK RT Cold 32 34 36 38 40 Control females Abx females –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 RT Cold Time (hrs) Cold Day0 Cold Day11 Cold Day31 RT Day31 Cold D11 Cold D31 RT D0 RT D11 RT D31 Cold D0 Cold D11 Cold D31 (legend on next page) Cell 163, 1360–1374, December 3, 2015 ª2015 Elsevier Inc. 1361