(The School of Materials Science and Engineering of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Minhang district,Shanghai 200240 Kai Zhang Abstract:The weapons that were used in the history of human's war had developed from the stone and the iron weapons of the Cold weapon Era to destructive weapons based on gunpowder of the era of firearms.During the World War I and the World War II in the last century,a new type of massive destructive weapons were developed and put into use,which was bio-weapons in the biological warfare.One of the representative in the World War II was the bacterium weapons made put into use by the 731 department of Japanese army,which caused much death in Chinese territory.Because of it's close relation to the biological technologies,this kind of war are referred as bio- war by historicists.This technology is currently restricted by the international social joint pledges because of its highly threaten posed to human world. Key words:Bio-War;Genetic weapons;Anti-personnel weapon;Response policy 1生物战 生物战的英文是Biological Warfare,英文缩写为BW。生物战是指使用生物武 器伤害人畜、毁坏农作物的一种作战，旧称细菌战。在作战中，通过各种方式施 放生物战剂，造成对方军队和后方地区传染病流行，大面积农作物坏死，从而达 到削弱对方战斗力，破坏其战争潜力的目的。 生物武器一般没有立即杀伤作用，但有较强的致病性和传染性。因此，有些外国 军队主张把生物武器主要用于战略目的，强调秘密突然地使用在对方广大后方地 区，造成对方军民传染病流行，以破坏对方生产和运输，削弱其战斗力和战争潜 力，并造成心理上的恐慌。 1.1生物武器的特点 1.1.1生物武器的优点 面积效应大，危害时间长，具有传染性，生物专一性，渗透性，难于防护、便于 进行突然袭击，生产容易、成本低廉(The School of Materials Science and Engineering of Shanghai Jiao Tong University， Minhang district,Shanghai 200240 ) Kai Zhang Abstract: The weapons that were used in the history of human’s war had developed from the stone and the iron weapons of the Cold weapon Era to destructive weapons based on gunpowder of the era of firearms. During the World War I and the World War II in the last century, a new type of massive destructive weapons were developed and put into use, which was bio-weapons in the biological warfare.One of the representative in the World War II was the bacterium weapons made put into use by the 731 department of Japanese army, which caused much death in Chinese territory. Because of it’s close relation to the biological technologies, this kind of war are referred as bio- war by historicists.This technology is currently restricted by the international social joint pledges because of its highly threaten posed to human world. Key words: Bio-War;Genetic weapons;Anti-personnel weapon;Response policy 1 生物战 生物战的英文是 Biological Warfare，英文缩写为 BW。生物战是指使用生物武 器伤害人畜、毁坏农作物的一种作战，旧称细菌战。在作战中，通过各种方式施 放生物战剂，造成对方军队和后方地区传染病流行，大面积农作物坏死，从而达 到削弱对方战斗力，破坏其战争潜力的目的。 生物武器一般没有立即杀伤作用，但有较强的致病性和传染性。因此，有些外国 军队主张把生物武器主要用于战略目的，强调秘密突然地使用在对方广大后方地 区，造成对方军民传染病流行，以破坏对方生产和运输，削弱其战斗力和战争潜 力，并造成心理上的恐慌。 1.1 生物武器的特点 1.1.1 生物武器的优点 面积效应大，危害时间长，具有传染性，生物专一性，渗透性，难于防护、便于 进行突然袭击，生产容易、成本低廉