1188 Lif Helgerson et al J Dent Res 90(10)2011 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Kononen E(2000). Development of oral bacterial flora in young children. Ann med32:107-112. The present study was supported by grants from Vasterbotten Kononen E(2005). Anaerobes in the upper respiratory tract in infancy. County Council(TUA/FoU) and The Swedish Patent Revenue Foundation, and by a Public Health Service Grant DE-015847 Li Y, Caufield PW, Dasanayake AP, Wiener HW, Vermund SH(2005). Mode of delivery and other maternal factors influence the acquisition of (AT)from the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Streptococcus mutans in infants. J Dent Res 84: 806-811 Research, USA, and by Henning and Johan Throne-Holst's Luoto R, Kalliomaki M, Laitinen K, Delzenne NM, Cani PD, Salminen S, Foundation(PL). Dr. Conny Wikstrom, Umetrics, Sweden, is et al. (2011). Initial dietary and microbiological environments deviate acknowledged for expertise support in PLS-DA. The authors in normal-weight compared to overweight children at 10 years of age. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 52- 90-95 clare no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the Mandar R. Mikelsaar M(1996). Transmission of mother 's microflora to the authorship and/or publication of this article newbom at birth Biol Neonate 69: 30-35 Marsh PD (2006). Dental plaque as a biofilm and a microbial community plications for health and disease. BMC Oral Health 6(Suppl REFERENCES Abiko Y, Sato T, Mayanagi G, Takahashi N(2010). Profiling of subgingival Morelli L(2008). Postnatal development of intestinal microflora as influ- plaque biofilm microflora from periodontally healthy subjects and from enced by infant nutrition. J Nutr 138: 1791S-1795S using quantitative real-time PCR. J Olson JC, Cuff CE. Lukomski S, Lukomska E, Canizales Y, Wu B. et al. Periodontal Res 45: 389-395 (2011). 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J Dent Res 90(10) 2011 Acknowledgments The present study was supported by grants from Västerbotten County Council (TUA/FoU) and The Swedish Patent Revenue Foundation, and by a Public Health Service Grant DE-015847 (AT) from the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, USA, and by Henning and Johan Throne-Holst’s Foundation (PL). Dr. Conny Wikström, Umetrics, Sweden, is acknowledged for expertise support in PLS-DA. The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article. References Abiko Y, Sato T, Mayanagi G, Takahashi N (2010). Profiling of subgingival plaque biofilm microflora from periodontally healthy subjects and from subjects with periodontitis using quantitative real-time PCR. J Periodontal Res 45:389-395. Ahrné S, Lönnermark E, Wold AE, Aberg N, Hesselmar B, Saalman R, et al. (2005). Lactobacilli in the intestinal microbiota of Swedish infants. Microbes Infect 7:1256-1262. 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Sjögren YM, Jenmalm MC, Böttcher MF, Björkstén B, Sverremark-Ekström E (2009). Altered early infant gut microbiota in children developing allergy up to 5 years of age. Clin Exp Allergy 39:518-526. Sjöström M, Wold S, Söderström B (1986). PLS discriminant plots. In: Pattern recognition in practice II. Gelsema ES, Kanal LN, editors (p. 486). Elsevier: Amsterdam. Tanner AC, Milgrom PM, Kent R Jr, Mokeem SA, Page RC, Liao SI, et al. (2002). Similarity of the oral microbiota of pre-school children with that of their caregivers in a population-based study. Oral Microbiol Immunol 17:379-387; erratum in Oral Microbiol Immunol 18:338, 2003. Turnbaugh PJ, Hamady M, Yatsunenko T, Cantarel BL, Duncan A, Ley RE, et al. (2009). A core gut microbiome in obese and lean twins. Nature 457:480-484. Wold S (1978). Cross validatory estimation of the number of components in factor and principal component models. Technometrics 20(Pt 1): 397-405