无谓损失的决定因素 税收扭曲和弹性 Determinants of Deadweight Loss Tax Distortions and elasticities (a)缺乏弹性的供给 什么因素决定税收的无谓损失是大还是小? What determ he deadweight loss from a tax is large or small? 无谓损失的大小取决于供给量和需求量对价格变 动的反应程度 袁微阶芜款天学时 The magnitude of the deadweight loss depends on how much the quantity supplied and quantity ht loss demanded respond to changes in the price. of tax ◆它又取决于供给和需求的价格弹性。 That, in turn, depends on the price elasticities of emand supply and demand. Quantity 税收的和弹性 税收扭的和弹性 Tax Distortions and Elasticities Tax Distortions and elasticities (b)言有弹性的供给 Price (c)峡乏弹性的需求 Supply tax is laght loss Supply 收 的芜阶时 a tax is small. Demand Quantity 税收扭的和弹性 Tax Distortions and elasticities 无谓损失的决定因素 (d)富有弹性的求 Determinants of Deadweight Loss Elastic Demand 需求和供给的弹性越大 The greater the elasticities of demand and supply ◆均衡数量的减少就越大, the larger will be the decline in equilibrium quantity and, ◆税收的无谓损失就越大。 the greater the deadweight loss of a tax. of a tax is large3 13 无谓损失的决定因素 Determinants of Deadweight Loss 什么因素决定税收的无谓损失是大还是小？ What determines whether the deadweight loss from a tax is large or small? ‹无谓损失的大小取决于供给量和需求量对价格变 动的反应程度。 The magnitude of the deadweight loss depends on how much the quantity supplied and quantity demanded respond to changes in the price. ‹它又取决于供给和需求的价格弹性。 That, in turn, depends on the price elasticities of supply and demand. 14 税收扭曲和弹性 Tax Distortions and Elasticities Quantity Price Demand Supply 0 当供给比较缺乏弹性时 ,税收的无谓损失小 When supply is relatively inelastic, the deadweight loss of a tax is small. (a) 缺乏弹性的供给 Inelastic Supply 税收规 模Size of tax 15 税收扭曲和弹性 Tax Distortions and Elasticities Quantity Price Demand Supply 0 税收规 模Size of tax 当供给比较富有弹性时 ,税收的无谓损失大 When supply is relatively elastic, the deadweight loss of a tax is large. (b) 富有弹性的供给 Elastic Supply 16 税收扭曲和弹性 Tax Distortions and Elasticities Quantity Price Demand Supply 0 当需求比较缺乏弹性时 ,税收的无谓损失小 When demand is relatively inelastic, the deadweight loss of a tax is small. (c)缺乏弹性的需求 Inelastic Demand 税收规 模Size of tax 17 税收扭曲和弹性 Tax Distortions and Elasticities Quantity Price Demand Supply 0 Size of tax 当需求比较富有弹性时 ,税收的无谓损失大 When demand is relatively elastic, the deadweight loss of a tax is large. (d)富有弹性的需求 Elastic Demand 18 无谓损失的决定因素 Determinants of Deadweight Loss 需求和供给的弹性越大: The greater the elasticities of demand and supply: ‹ 均衡数量的减少就越大， the larger will be the decline in equilibrium quantity and, ‹税收的无谓损失就越大。 the greater the deadweight loss of a tax