地球科学进展 第21卷 学报,2004,23(1):21-25 and Practices of Eco-enviomentalW ater Needed [M Beijing [12] Liu Changm ing, Zheng Hongxing, W ang Zhonggen, et al Dis Science Press,2003{杨志峰,崔保山,刘静玲生态环境需水 量理论、方法与实践[M]北京:科学出版社,2003 elbow R iver Conservancy Press,200[刘昌明,郑红星,王中 17 Hao Fanghua, Zhang Xuesong, Yang Zhifeng A distributed non- 根,等.流域水循环分布式模拟[M]郑州:黄河水利出版社 point source polluton modet Calibraton and validation in the 2006 Yelbw river basin[J]. Joumal of Emvinorn en taI Sciences, 2004 [ 13] Yang Shengtian, L iu Changm ing The soil water remote sensing (4) computations and analyses of water cycle in the Yellow R iver Ba[18 Su Xisi, L in Xueyu, L ao Zisheng, et al Variaton of isobpes sin [J]. Science in China(Series E), 2004, 34( suppl ) 1-12 n the Yellow River abng the flow path and its affecting factrs 杨胜天,刘昌明.黄河流域土壤水分遥感计算及水循环过程 [J] Geoch in iaa,2003,32(3):349-357.[苏小四,林学钰,廖 分析[J]中国科学:E辑,2004,34(增刊):1-12 资生,等.黄河水O,D和3H的沿程变化特征及其影响因素 [14] Wang Hao, Q in Dayong, Wang Jianhua The advance of the 研究[]地球化学,2003,32(3):349-357 modeling on the water cycling pogress in the multiscale regon [ 19] Chang J ianxia, Huang Q iang, wang Ym in. Synergy methodology and dual water cycling model [C]//Liu Changm ing, Chen Xr for multiobjective operatonal contol of reservoirs in Yellow Ri anguo, eds The Eolving Law and Mainta in ing Mechanic of Re- er basn[J]. Science in China(Series E), 2004, 47(21): 212 newable Ability of Water Resources in Yelbw River Basin Zhengzhou: Yelbw River Conservancy Press, 2001, 4: 34-42 [201 [王浩,秦大庸,王建华多尺度区域水循环过程模拟与二元 rediction of Yelbw river basin based on RBFNN and EGA[) 水循环模式的研究[C]〃刘昌明,陈效国主编黄河流域水 Joumal of Soil and Water tion, 2002, 16(3):83-85. [E 资源演化规律与可再生性维持机理研究和进展.郑州:黄河 小杰,黄强惠泱河,等.基于径向基函数神经网络与改进遗 水利出版社,2001,4:3442 传算法的黄河流域需水预测[J]水土保持学报,200,16 [15] Wang Zhaoyin, Wang Guangqian, Gao Qing An ecological dy- (3):8385 lam ics model of vegetation evolutin in eDson area [J. Acta [21 L iu Changm ing, Zeng Yan A tlas of MeteoDbgicaHHydobgical olog ica Sinica,2003,23(1):98-105[王兆印,王光谦,高 Elements in the Yellw River Basin [M. Zhengzhou Yellow 菁侵蚀地区植被生态动力学模型[J生态学报,2003,23 Rier Conservancy Press,2004[刘昌明,曾燕.黄河流域气象 (1):98-105 水文学要素图集[M]郑州:黄河水利出版社,2004 [16] Yang Zhifeng, Cui Baoshan, L iu J angling The Theory, Methods a Study of Evolutionary laws and Mainta n ing mechan ism of Renewable Capac ity of the Y ellow rier s water resources LU Change ing (1 Key Labortory of w ater and Sedim ent Science, MoE, at Water Science College, BNU, B eijing 100875, China; 2 Key Labortory of land Water Cycle and Surface Processes CAS, at GSNRR, CAS, Beijing 100101, Chine Abstract: The Yellow R iver is China's second largest river w ith a drainage area of about 800, 000 km and it has been seen as a cradle of Ch inese civilizaton now it serves as one of the main theatres for the on-go ing national campaign b deve bp the westem hinterland of the country The river basin lies mainly in the sem r-arid and semr hum id climatic zones where water resources are congenitally defic ient Per cap ita water volume in the basin is less 1/3 than that of natonal average due b the mpact of both wam-dry scenarios of clmate and human ac tivities, frequent dried-up of its bwer reach main-courses and main tributaries have occurred in the last 30 years The amr nous deve opment not only aggravates the fragile balance of water demand and water supp ly in the-basin, but also brings in more mpacts on the native eco-system and the enviroment along the rivers reaches The rivers hamess- ing used t be a state affair of vital mportance for a national stability in tems of natonal security. Since 1999,the Ministry of Science and Techno bgy of China has set up a five-year p ro ject in the National Devebpment Pogram fo Key Basic Science Research, as is called 973 Program". The author of this paper, as chief scientist of the po- ject, summarized major research outcomes on the basis of about 800 papers and tens of monographs published cently. A stack of the re search achievements from the project can be recap itu lated by three kinds of the highlights, namely progresses in theory, techno bgy and app licaton t the Yellow river Key words: The Yellow river, Water resources evolutionary law, Renewab le capac ity mamtenance of river ater, water resources management r iver hamessing 91994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreservedhttp://www.cnki.net学报 , 2004, 23 (1) : 21225. ] [ 12 ] Liu Changming, Zheng Hongxing, Wang Zhonggen, et al. D is2 tributed Simulation of CatchmentWater Cycle [M ]. Zhengzhou: Yellow River Conservancy Press, 2006. [刘昌明 ,郑红星 ,王中 根 ,等. 流域水循环分布式模拟 [M ]. 郑州 :黄河水利出版社 , 2006. ] [ 13 ] Yang Shengtian, Liu Changming. The soil water remote sensing computations and analyses of water cycle in the Yellow RiverBa2 sin [J ]. Science in China ( Series E) , 2004, 34 ( supp l. ) : 1212. [杨胜天 ,刘昌明. 黄河流域土壤水分遥感计算及水循环过程 分析 [J ]. 中国科学 : E辑 , 2004, 34 (增刊 ) : 1212. ] [ 14 ] Wang Hao, Q in Dayong, Wang Jianhua. The advance of the modeling on the water cycling p rogress in the multi2scale region and dual water cycling model [ C ] ∥Liu Changming, Chen Xi2 aoguo, eds. The Eolving Law and Maintaining Mechanic of Re2 newable Ability of Water Resources in Yellow River Basin. Zhengzhou: Yellow River Conservancy Press, 2001, 4: 34242. [王浩 ,秦大庸 ,王建华. 多尺度区域水循环过程模拟与二元 水循环模式的研究 [C ] ∥刘昌明 ,陈效国主编. 黄河流域水 资源演化规律与可再生性维持机理研究和进展. 郑州 :黄河 水利出版社 , 2001, 4: 34242. ] [ 15 ] Wang Zhaoyin, Wang Guangqian, Gao Q ing. An ecological dy2 namics model of vegetation evolution in erosion area [ J ]. Acta Ecologica S inica, 2003, 23 ( 1) : 982105. [王兆印 ,王光谦 ,高 菁. 侵蚀地区植被生态动力学模型 [J ]. 生态学报 , 2003, 23 (1) : 982105. ] [ 16 ] Yang Zhifeng, Cui Baoshan, Liu Jingling. The Theory, Methods and Practices of Eco2environmentalWaterNeeded [M ]. Beijing: Science Press , 2003. [杨志峰 ,崔保山 ,刘静玲. 生态环境需水 量理论、方法与实践 [M ]. 北京 :科学出版社 , 2003. ] [ 17 ] Hao Fanghua, Zhang Xuesong, Yang Zhifeng. A distributed non2 point source pollution model: Calibration and validation in the Yellow river basin [J ]. Journal of Environm ental Sciences, 2004, 16 (4) : 6462650. [ 18 ] Su Xiaosi, Lin Xueyu, Liao Zisheng, et al. Variation of isotopes in the Yellow River along the flow path and its affecting factors [J ]. Geochim ica, 2003, 32 ( 3) : 3492357. [苏小四 ,林学钰 ,廖 资生 ,等. 黄河水 18O, D和 3H的沿程变化特征及其影响因素 研究 [J ]. 地球化学 , 2003, 32 (3) : 3492357. ] [ 19 ] Chang Jianxia, HuangQ iang, Wang Yimin. Synergymethodology for multi2objective operational control of reservoirs in Yellow Riv2 er basin[J ]. Science in China ( Series E) , 2004, 47 ( z1 ) : 2122 223. [ 20 ] Xue Xiaojie, Huang Q iang, Hui Yanghe, et al. Water requirement p rediction of Yellow river basin based on RBFNN and EGA [J ]. Journal of Soil and W aterConservation, 2002, 16 (3) : 83285. [薛 小杰 ,黄强 ,惠泱河 ,等. 基于径向基函数神经网络与改进遗 传算法的黄河流域需水预测 [ J ]. 水土保持学报 , 2002, 16 (3) : 83285. ] [ 21 ] Liu Changming, Zeng Yan. A tlas of Meteorological2Hydrological Elements in the Yellow River Basin [M ]. Zhengzhou: Yellow River Conservancy Press, 2004. [刘昌明 , 曾燕. 黄河流域气象 水文学要素图集 [M ]. 郑州 :黄河水利出版社 , 2004. ] A Study of Evolutionary Laws andMa inta in ing M echan ism of Renewable Capac ity of the Yellow River ’ sWater Resources L IU Chang2ming 1, 2 (1. Key Labortory of W ater and S ed im en t Science, MO E, atW ater Science College, BNU, B eijing 100875, China; 2. Key Labortory of Land W ater Cycle and Surface Processes, CAS, a t IGSNRR, CAS, B eijing 100101, China) Abstract: The Yellow River is China’s second largest river with a drainage area of about 800, 000 km 2 and it has been seen as a cradle of Chinese civilization. Now it serves as one of the main theatres for the on2going national campaign to develop the western hinterland of the country. The river basin lies mainly in the sem i2arid and sem i2 hum id climatic zones where water resources are congenitally deficient. Per cap ita water volume in the basin is less 1 /3 than that of national average. Due to the impact of both warm2dry scenarios of climate and human activities, frequent dried2up of its lower reach main2courses and main tributaries have occurred in the last 30 years. The om i2 nous development not only aggravates the fragile balance of water demand and water supp ly in the2basin, but also brings in more impacts on the native eco2system and the environment along the river’s reaches. The river’s harness2 ing used to be a state affair of vital importance for a national stability in term s of national security. Since 1999, the M inistry of Science and Technology of China has set up a five2year p roject in the NationalDevelopment Program for Key Basic Science Research, as is called“973 Program”. The author of this paper, as chief scientist of the p ro2 ject, summarized major research outcomes on the basis of about 800 papers and tens of monographs published re2 cently. A stack of the research achievements from the p roject can be recap itulated by three kinds of the highlights, namely p rogresses in theory, technology and app lication to the Yellow river. Key words: The Yellow river; W ater resources evolutionary law; Renewable capacity maintenance of river water; W ater resources management; River harnessing. 899 地球科学进展 第 21卷