Failures of planed system Food scarcity:Chinese villager and city dwellers ● ● ● Inefficient industry associated with Soviet-style central planning Underdevelopment of services ● ● Isolation from the international economy ● Substantial difference between the rural and urban sectors ● Food scarcity: Chinese villager and city dwellers Inefficient industry associated with Soviet-style central planning Underdevelopment of services Failures of planed system Isolation from the international economy Substantial difference between the rural and urban sectors