2013-3-6 Irreversibilities Commonly Encountered in Engineering Practice Electric current flow through a resistance Magnetization or polarization with hysteresis Inelastic deformation All actual processes involve effects such as those listed,including naturally occurring processes and ones involving devices we construct-from the simplest mechanisms to the largest industrial plants. Irreversible and Reversible Processes During a process of a system, irreversibilities may be present: within the system,or within its surroundings(usually the immediate surroundings),or within both the system and its surroundings. 82013-3-6 8 Irreversibilities Commonly Encountered in Engineering Practice ►Electric current flow through a resistance ►Magnetization or polarization with hysteresis ►Inelastic deformation All actual processes involve effects such as those listed, including naturally occurring processes and ones involving devices we construct – from the simplest mechanisms to the largest industrial plants. Irreversible and Reversible Processes ►within the system, or ►within its surroundings (usually the immediate surroundings), or ►within both the system and its surroundings. During a process of a system, irreversibilities may be present: