What Is dualism? Radical Version(Substance Dualism): Mind is a type of substance(实体) which can exist independently of the substance of matter. For instance, when Descartes body perishes, his soul could still survive. Christian Believers would like this idea Moderate Version(Property dualism): Mind exits as a property(属性) rather than a substance. Ontologically speaking, the world is composed of matter as the unique type of substance, but that substance has two properties: physical and mental Humanists would love this ideaWhat Is Dualism?  Radical Version (Substance Dualism) : Mind is a type of substance ( 实 体 ) which can exist independently of the substance of matter. For instance, when Descartes’ body perishes, his soul could still survive. Christian Believers would like this idea.  Moderate Version(Property Dualism): Mind exits as a property ( 属 性 ) rather than a substance. Ontologically speaking, the world is composed of matter as the unique type of substance, but that substance has two properties: physical and mental. Humanists would love this idea