CIVL439/WOOD476 Wood as a Environmental friendly Building Material Design of Wood is the only renewable building Timber nateria Structures Frank Lam,Ph-DP.Eng beo onump Sustainable Forest Management Forest coverage in major forested countries Forest coverage by region 围 Statistics on Global Wood Statistics on Global Wood Use Use aeaaaobroehocgRseandusA 强目 三目 三 China is the 5th largest wood producingCIVL439/WOOD476 1 Design of Timber Structures Frank Lam, Ph.D., P.Eng. University of British Columbia Wood as a Environmental friendly Building Material • Wood is the only renewable building material • Replant a harvested tree with new seedlings in 50 to 100 years another seedlings, in 50 to 100 years another tree will be available for consumption • Sustainable Forest Management through proper forestry practices is the key Forest coverage in major forested countries Country/area Forest Area Annual change rate 1990 2000 2005 1990-2000 2000-2005 1000 ha 1000 ha 1000 ha 1000 ha/ yr % 1000 ha/ yr % Russian Federation 808,950 809,268 808,790 32 n.s. -96 n.s. Brazil 520,027 493,213 477,698 -2,681 -0.5 -3,103 -0.6 Canada 310,134 310,134 310,134 0 0 0 0 United States of America 298,648 302,294 303,089 365 0.1 159 0.1 China 157,141 177,001 197,290 1,986 1.2 4,058 2.2 Australia 167,904 164,645 163,678 -326 -0.2 -193 -0.1 Democratic Republic of the Congo 140,531 135,207 133,610 -532 -0.4 -319 -0.2 Indonesia 116,567 97,852 88,495 -1,872 -1.7 -1,871 -2 Data source: FAO, Global Forest Resources Assessment 2005 Forest coverage by region Country/area Forest Area Annual change rate 1990 2000 2005 1990-2000 2000-2005 1000 ha 1000 ha 1000 ha 1000 ha/yr % 1000 ha/yr % Europe 989,320 998,091 1,001,394 877 0.09 661 0.07 N th A i North America 677,801 677,971 677,464 17 n.s. -101 -0.01 South America 890,818 852,796 831,540 -3,802 -0.44 -4,251 -0.5 Africa 699,361 655,613 635,412 -4,375 -0.64 -4,040 -0.62 Asia 574,487 566,562 571,577 -792 -0.14 1,003 0.18 Central America 27,639 23,837 22,411 -380 -1.47 -285 -1.23 Total World 4,077,291 3,988,610 3,952,025 -8,868 -0.22 -7,317 -0.18 Data source: FAO, Global Forest Resources Assessment 2005 Statistics on Global Wood Use Country/area 1990 2000 2005 Total Total Total Industrial roundwood Wood fuel % of growin g stock 1000 m³ o.b. 1000 m³ o.b. 1000 m³ o.b. 1000 m³ o.b. 1000 m³ o.b. U.S. 596,920 596,920 548,065 548,065 540,838 540,838 489,586 489,586 51,252 1.5 Canada 195,869 214,788 223,500 219,500 4,000 0.7 Brazil 368,706 293,219 290,476 168,091 122,385 0.4 Russia 336,527 152,316 180,000 129,400 50,600 0.2 China 159,081 144,775 135,435 88,808 46,628 1 Sweden 58,140 70,570 76,780 68,740 8,040 2.4 Finland 47,203 60,603 64,295 59,095 5,200 3 Statistics on Global Wood Use • Sawn wood (2000) produced in USA, Canada, Russia, Brazil, Sweden, Finland, and China was 112.2, 69.6, 20.0, 18.1, 15.8, 12.8, and 6.3 million m3, respectively • Canada ranks third behind Russia and USA in terms of global softwood harvesting • China is the 5th largest wood producing country – 2/3 of its production (190.9 million m3) is burned as fuel! – Brazil and Russia commonly use wood as fuel (133.4 & 44.3 million m3)!