上游充通大兽 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY 4.通过特殊蛋白质介导，使生物膜有不同功能。Specific proteins mediate distinctive functions of membranes.Proteins serve as pumps ( channels(通道)，receptors(受体)，energy transducers(能量传感 器)，and enzymes(酶).Membrane proteins are embedded in lipid bilayers which create suitable enviroments for their action. 5.Membranes are noncovalent assemblies.膜分子组装依依靠非共价相互 作用。The constituent protein and lipid molecules are held together by many noncovalent interactions,which act cooperatively. 6.Membranes are asymmetric.膜是非对称结构。The two faces of biological membranes always differ from each other.4.通过特殊蛋白质介导，使生物膜有不同功能。Specific proteins mediate distinctive functions of membranes. Proteins serve as pumps（泵）, channels（通道）, receptors（受体）, energy transducers（能量传感 器）, and enzymes（酶）. Membrane proteins are embedded in lipid bilayers , which create suitable enviroments for their action. 5. Membranes are noncovalent assemblies. 膜分子组装依依靠非共价相互 作用。 The constituent protein and lipid molecules are held together by many noncovalent interactions, which act cooperatively. 6. Membranes are asymmetric. 膜是非对称结构。The two faces of biological membranes always differ from each other