Educationin China Education Development in China Background Since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949,an important governmental effort has been to eliminate illiteracy and popularize compulsory education (compulsory education covering primary and junior middle schooling . : · duration). Background Since the founding of the People‘s Republic of China in 1949, an important governmental effort has been to eliminate illiteracy and popularize compulsory education (compulsory education covering primary and junior middle schooling duration) . Education Development in China Education in China