目录 建造过程 Contents 茁军人年1QR在业串7I口 10∩2在 History of the Aswan High Dam Efforts to harness water from the River Nile were first initiated with the construction of the Aswan Low Dam in 1898 under the direction of Sir William Willcocks.The dam was completed in 1902 and was raised twice during the period of 1907-1912 and 1929-1933 to further alleviate the Nile from flooding. The Aswan Low Dam was,however,not adequate to control the annual flooding of the Nile.This gave rise to the idea of constructing a higher dam in 1952 with funding from the World Bank being sought in 1954. The US and Britain had earlier tried to fund part of the project but it did not materialise.The US withdrew the funding,followed by Britain and the World Bank.The Soviet Union finally came to the rescue of Egypt by providing the required funds for the project in 1958.Construction of Aswan High Dam finally began in 1960. 的百陀双L作，∠4贝古妙做士移火 赠送他国，1976年水库达到设计水位。建造原因及建造 过程 目 录 Contents 贡献和危害 公众的态度 决策方式及思考 对三峡大坝的启 示 建造过程 • 英国人于1898年兴建了旧坝，1902年 完工，旧坝两度加高，但在1946年是 洪水却几乎漫坝，于是决定建造新坝， 而非再次加高旧坝。 • 1952年开始了新坝的设计，埃及政府 在苏联政府的资助下用苏伊士运河的 收入来继续这项工程。 • 新坝施工从1960年开始，于1970年7 月21日完工，其水库在1964年一期工 程结束后便开始蓄水，为抢救水库区 内的埃及文物及古迹，1960年在联合 国教科文组织指示下，展开了大规模 的考古抢救工作，24项古迹被迁移或 赠送他国，1976年水库达到设计水位