Racial and Economic Factors in Attitudes to Immigration Christian Dustmann and Ian P.Preston Abstract In this paper we distinguish between three channels that determine attitudes to further immi- gration:labour market concerns,welfare concerns,and racial or cultural concerns.Our analysis is based on the British Social Attitudes Survey.A unique feature of the survey is that it includes questions on attitudes towards immigration from different origin countries,with populations dif- fering in ethnic similarity to the resident population.It also contains sets of questions relating directly to the labour market,benefit expenditure and welfare concerns,and racial and cultural prejudice.Based on this unique data source,we specify and estimate a multiple factor model that allows comparison of the relative magnitude of association of attitudes to further immigration with the three channels,as well as comparison in responses across potential immigrant groups of different origin.Our results suggest that,overall,welfare concerns play a more important role in determination of attitudes to further immigration than labour market concerns,with their rela- tive magnitude differing across potential emigration regions and characteristics of the respondent. In addition,we find strong evidence that racial or cultural prejudice is an important component to attitudes towards immigration;however,this is restricted to immigration from countries with ethnically different populations. KEYWORDS:international migration,attitudes *Department of Economics and Centre for Research and Analysis of Migration(CReAM),Uni- versity College London and Institute for Fiscal Studies,London.email:c.dustmann@ucl.ac.uk; i.preston@ucl.ac.uk.We are grateful for comments and suggestions from Joseph Altonji,George Borjas,David Card,Edward Glaeser,Timothy Hatton,Hidehiko Ichimura,Zig Layton-Henry,Al- bert Satorra,Christoph M.Schmidt,Frank Windmeijer,and two anonymous referees.We thank the Nuffield Foundation for funding this research.Racial and Economic Factors in Attitudes to Immigration∗ Christian Dustmann and Ian P. Preston Abstract In this paper we distinguish between three channels that determine attitudes to further immi￾gration: labour market concerns, welfare concerns, and racial or cultural concerns. Our analysis is based on the British Social Attitudes Survey. A unique feature of the survey is that it includes questions on attitudes towards immigration from different origin countries, with populations dif￾fering in ethnic similarity to the resident population. It also contains sets of questions relating directly to the labour market, benefit expenditure and welfare concerns, and racial and cultural prejudice. Based on this unique data source, we specify and estimate a multiple factor model that allows comparison of the relative magnitude of association of attitudes to further immigration with the three channels, as well as comparison in responses across potential immigrant groups of different origin. Our results suggest that, overall, welfare concerns play a more important role in determination of attitudes to further immigration than labour market concerns, with their rela￾tive magnitude differing across potential emigration regions and characteristics of the respondent. In addition, we find strong evidence that racial or cultural prejudice is an important component to attitudes towards immigration; however, this is restricted to immigration from countries with ethnically different populations. KEYWORDS: international migration, attitudes ∗Department of Economics and Centre for Research and Analysis of Migration (CReAM), Uni￾versity College London and Institute for Fiscal Studies, London. email: c.dustmann@ucl.ac.uk; i.preston@ucl.ac.uk. We are grateful for comments and suggestions from Joseph Altonji, George Borjas, David Card, Edward Glaeser, Timothy Hatton, Hidehiko Ichimura, Zig Layton-Henry, Al￾bert Satorra, Christoph M. Schmidt, Frank Windmeijer, and two anonymous referees. We thank the Nuffield Foundation for funding this research