E Viscoelastic Response to Long-Term Loading Deforming AMaxwell model 日. Kelvin model (Spring, FIGURE 1. Elements of the models of Maxwell (A)and Elastic Portion, Viscous Portion Kelvin( B) (Spring) (Dashpot,) B Load Spring2, Dashpot, and Maxwell模型Kelⅶin模型 Dashpot, extend Deforming Load Removed relaxes Spring, Dashpot retract Spring Dashpot, Deformation Non 四元件模型 Recoverable Time Creep AppliedMaxwell模型 Kelvin模型 四元件模型