Pass Questions 48 to 52 are based on the following passage American society is not nap(f-HE)friendly. In fact, says David Dinges, a sleep specialist at e University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, there's even a prohibition against Ing or quote a proverb: Some sleep five hours, nature requires seven, laziness nine and wickedness Wrong. The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them. We have to totally change our attitude toward napping says Dr William Dement of Stanford University, the god-father of sleep research Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an"American sleep debt which one member said was as important as the national debt. The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness: people causing industrial accidents of falling asleep while driving. This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House. According to recent reports, President Clinton is trying to take a half-hour snooze (tHa He)every afternoon About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity. We seem to have"a mid-aftemoon quiet phase, also called"a secondary sleep gate. Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early aftemoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed Clearly, we were born We Superstars of Snooze dont nap to replace lost shut-eye or to prepare for a night shift Rather, we"snack"on sleep, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. I myself have napped in buses, cars, planes and on boats on floors and beds; and in libraries, offices and museums 48. It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is A)unreasonable B)harmful D)costly 49. The research done by the dement commission shows that americans a) don' t like to take naps B)are teribly worried about their national debt C)sleep less than is good for them D)have caused many industrial and traffic accident 50. The purpose of this article is to A)warn us of the wickedness of napping B)explain the danger of sleepiness c)discuss the side effects of napping D)convince the reader of the necessity of napping 51. The "American sleep debt Line 1, Para. 3)is the result of A)the traditional misconception the Americans have about sleep B)the new sleep policy of the Clinton Administration c)the rapid development of American industry D the Americans worry about the danger of sleepiness 52. The second sentence of the last paragraph tells us that it is A)preferable to have a sound sleep before a night shift B)good practice to eat something light before we go to bed e)essential to make up for los7 Passage Four Questions 48 to 52 are based on the following passage. American society is not nap(午睡)-friendly. In fact, says David Dinges, a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, “there’s even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep.” Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work. To quote a proverb: ”Some sleep five hours, nature requires seven, laziness nine and wickedness eleven. Wrong. The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them. “We have to totally change our attitude toward napping,” says Dr. William Dement of Stanford University, the god-father of sleep research. Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an “American sleep debt” which one member said was as important as the national debt. The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness: people causing industrial accidents of falling asleep while driving. This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House. According to recent reports, President Clinton is trying to take a half -hour snooze(打瞌睡) every afternoon. About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity. We seem to have “a mid-afternoon quiet phase”, also called “ a secondary sleep gate.” Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed. Clearly, we were born to nap. We Superstars of Snooze don’t nap to replace lost shut-eye or to prepare for a night shift. Rather, we “snack” on sleep, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. I myself have napped in buses, cars, planes and on boats; on floors and beds; and in libraries, offices and museums. 48. It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is __________. A) unreasonable B) harmful C) criminal D) costly 49. The research done by the Dement Commission shows that Americans __________. A) don’t like to take naps B) are terribly worried about their national debt C) sleep less than is good for them D) have caused many industrial and traffic accident 50. The purpose of this article is to __________. A) warn us of the wickedness of napping B) explain the danger of sleepiness C) discuss the side effects of napping D) convince the reader of the necessity of napping 51. The “American sleep debt”(Line 1, Para. 3) is the result of __________. A) the traditional misconception the Americans have about sleep B) the new sleep policy of the Clinton Administration C) the rapid development of American industry D) the Americans’ worry about the danger of sleepiness 52. The second sentence of the last paragraph tells us that it is ________. A) preferable to have a sound sleep before a night shift B) good practice to eat something light before we go to bed C) essential to make up for lost sleep