工程科学学报，第41卷，第6期：695-708,2019年6月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.41,No.6:695-708,June 2019 DOI:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.06.001:http://journals.ustb.edu.cn 钢包工作衬用耐火材料的研究现状及最新进展 王恩会”，陈俊红》，侯新梅”区 1)北京科技大学钢铁共性技术协同创新中心，北京1000832)北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院，北京100083 ☒通信作者，E-mail:houxinmei01@126.com 摘要综述了近年来钢包工作衬用耐火材料的研究现状及最新进展，尤其对传统钢包工作衬用耐火材料的应用背景及存 在问题进行了分析和汇总.在此基础上，进一步提出了适用于超低氧钢（或洁净钢）治炼用耐火材料的研发方向，即通过耐火 原料组分选择和结构匹配设计，实现对耐火材料性能的精确控制.新型钢包工作衬用耐火材料需兼顾优异热机械性能的同 时，还应具备钢水净化的功能. 关键词耐火材料：钢包工作衬：夹杂物：组分选择：结构设计 分类号TG142.71 Current research and latest developments on refractories used as ladle linings WANG En-hui,CHEN Jun-hong?,HOU Xin-mei 1)Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 2)School of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:houxinmei0l@126.com ABSTRACT Non-metallic inclusions significantly influence the properties of steels.Take heavy rail steel as an example,Al2O3 inclusions can become fatigue source under cyclic stress,resulting in the rupture of the steel.Existing technologies and equipment can effectively reduce the amount and harm brought about by such inclusions,but they cannot guarantee the complete removal of large-sized and high-melting-temperature inclusions.Large-sized non-metallic inclusions give rise to instability in high-quality steels:as such, they are one of the bottlenecks in the development of steel.In the steel-making process,refractories in close contact with molten steel are a main source of large-sized non-metallic inclusions.Therefore,adopting appropriate ladle-ining refractories for refining and allo- ying is vital.This paper summarized the current research and latest developments in refractories used as ladle linings,and analyzed the application background and existing problems of traditional ladle lining refractories.Based on this discussion,future research directions regarding refractories suitable for the smelting of ultra-ow-oxygen steel (or clean steel)as well as approaches to precisely control refractory properties via the reasonable selection of material components and structures were then provided.Novel ladle-ining refracto- ries must possess not only excellent thermomechanical properties but also the ability to purify molten steel. KEY WORDS refractory:ladle lining;inclusions:component selection:microstructure design 夹杂物对钢材性能的影响是很重要的，尤其 负面的影响习.上述问题在高铁车轴用钢、硅片 当夹杂物以不利的尺寸、形态和分布特征存在时， 切割丝用钢等钢种中尤为突出.围绕夹杂物的控 往往会对材料的塑性、韧性和抗疲劳性能等造成 制问题，超低氧治炼、夹杂物塑性化等技术的出现 收稿日期：2018-10-06 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51874027，U1460201):中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(FRF-TP-H5006C1):国家优秀青年基金 资助项目(51522402)工程科学学报，第 41 卷，第 6 期: 695--708，2019 年 6 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering，Vol． 41，No． 6: 695--708，June 2019 DOI: 10． 13374 /j． issn2095--9389． 2019． 06． 001; http: / /journals． ustb． edu． cn 钢包工作衬用耐火材料的研究现状及最新进展 王恩会1) ，陈俊红2) ，侯新梅1)  1) 北京科技大学钢铁共性技术协同创新中心，北京 100083 2) 北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院，北京 100083 通信作者，E-mail: houxinmei01@ 126． com 摘 要 综述了近年来钢包工作衬用耐火材料的研究现状及最新进展，尤其对传统钢包工作衬用耐火材料的应用背景及存 在问题进行了分析和汇总． 在此基础上，进一步提出了适用于超低氧钢( 或洁净钢) 冶炼用耐火材料的研发方向，即通过耐火 原料组分选择和结构匹配设计，实现对耐火材料性能的精确控制． 新型钢包工作衬用耐火材料需兼顾优异热机械性能的同 时，还应具备钢水净化的功能． 关键词 耐火材料; 钢包工作衬; 夹杂物; 组分选择; 结构设计 分类号 TG142. 71 收稿日期: 2018--10--06 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目( 51874027，U1460201) ; 中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目( FＲF--TP--15--006C1) ; 国家优秀青年基金 资助项目( 51522402) Current research and latest developments on refractories used as ladle linings WANG En-hui1) ，CHEN Jun-hong2) ，HOU Xin-mei1)  1) Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology，University of Science and Technology Beijing，Beijing 100083，China 2) School of Materials Science and Engineering，University of Science and Technology Beijing，Beijing 100083，China Corresponding author，E-mail: houxinmei01@ 126． com ABSTＲACT Non-metallic inclusions significantly influence the properties of steels． Take heavy rail steel as an example，Al2O3 inclusions can become fatigue source under cyclic stress，resulting in the rupture of the steel． Existing technologies and equipment can effectively reduce the amount and harm brought about by such inclusions，but they cannot guarantee the complete removal of large-sized and high-melting-temperature inclusions． Large-sized non-metallic inclusions give rise to instability in high-quality steels; as such， they are one of the bottlenecks in the development of steel． In the steel-making process，refractories in close contact with molten steel are a main source of large-sized non-metallic inclusions． Therefore，adopting appropriate ladle-lining refractories for refining and allo￾ying is vital． This paper summarized the current research and latest developments in refractories used as ladle linings，and analyzed the application background and existing problems of traditional ladle lining refractories． Based on this discussion，future research directions regarding refractories suitable for the smelting of ultra-low-oxygen steel ( or clean steel) as well as approaches to precisely control refractory properties via the reasonable selection of material components and structures were then provided． Novel ladle-lining refracto￾ries must possess not only excellent thermomechanical properties but also the ability to purify molten steel． KEY WOＲDS refractory; ladle lining; inclusions; component selection; microstructure design 夹杂物对钢材性能的影响是很重要的，尤其 当夹杂物以不利的尺寸、形态和分布特征存在时， 往往会对材料的塑性、韧性和抗疲劳性能等造成 负面的影响［1--2］． 上述问题在高铁车轴用钢、硅片 切割丝用钢等钢种中尤为突出． 围绕夹杂物的控 制问题，超低氧冶炼、夹杂物塑性化等技术的出现