Statecraft scholars However. the Manchu court.. Pacifism cherishing men from afar, literate culture(wen and brute force (wu-which one more emphasized concerning the foreign policy? Why only the second quarter of the 1 gth century did the scholars pay attention to maritime frontier dealing with Westerners There were statecraft scholars who had written about how to defend maritime frontier but in the real Opium War...?Statecraft Scholars  However, the Manchu court …? Pacifism, cherishing men from afar, literate culture (wen) and brute force (wu)– which one more emphasized concerning the foreign policy?  Why only the second quarter of the 19th century did the scholars pay attention to maritime frontier dealing with Westerners?  There were statecraft scholars who had written about how to defend maritime frontier, but in the real Opium War…?