1082 GAL torted their accounts of his work to protect his hagio 12.0 of Louis Pasteur.Princeton:Prine I to protect his image,and for inter regardess of the reasons for steur.Paris:Libra for the continuing ac yr after the of May 22nd 1848 er the ous date date of nt of his dise ry of molecular chiral- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ie Blograply.Vol x New Yorl Cheurles seriboer's son D on History of Chemistry.New York WW Nor Scien re in Inf for ation 192.p31 Noch railroad ork in 1850 ea iway Hist de Past 22 iel and professor goulven guilcher from the ang greatly appreciate 4. LITERATURE CITED 25 -B.In scientifique.Paris tiques appe es ro adot I 29. 6 2X027.36. ng the Molecule.Phoenix Mill Sutton Publish bquides a la 7.0 32 8 F 63.530 Chirality DOI 10.1002/chir torted their accounts of his work to protect his hagio￾graphic image. Surely, these findings are significant and helpful for an understanding of the biographers’ state of mind, their great zeal to protect his image, and for inter￾preting their writings. Finally, a last observation: regardless of the reasons for the original appearance of May 15th in the Œuvres and irrespective of the explanation for the continuing accep￾tance of the wrong date in the literature, there is no doubt that by now—160 yr after the historic presentation and 86 yr after the emergence of the erroneous date—universal recognition of May 22nd, 1848, as the correct date of Pas￾teur’s announcement of his discovery of molecular chiral￾ity is long overdue. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The author is indebted to Catherine Reiter, Dr. Lilian Hoffecker, Lisa Traditi, and Clark Driese of Denison Me￾morial Library, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, for valuable assistance. The author is also deeply grateful to Agne` s Fontaine of the Association des Anciens E´le`ves de l’E´ cole normale supe´rieure in Paris for providing a copy of Chappuis’ obituary of Pasteur. Information on the French railroad network in 1850 kindly provided by Marie￾Noe¨lle Polino of the Association de l’Histoire des chemins de fer en France, AHICF, i.e., French Railway Historical Soci￾ety, Dominique Perchet of CILAC: la base de donne´es du patrimoine industriel, and Professor Goulven Guilcher of the University of Paris is acknowledged with gratitude. Helpful comments from the anonymous reviewers are also greatly appreciated. LITERATURE CITED 1. Eliel EL, Wilen S. Stereochemistry of organic compounds. New York: Wiley; 1994. p 2. 2. Biot J-B. Instructions pratiques sur l’observation et la mesure des proprie´ te´ s optiques appele´ es rotatoires. Paris: Bachelier; 1845. 3. Biot J-B. Instructions pratiques sur l’observation et la mesure des proprie´ te´ s optiques appele´ es rotatoires. Paris: Bachelier; 1845. p 3. 4. Pasteur L. Me´moire sur la relation qui peut exister entre la forme crystalline et la composition chimique, et sur la cause de la polarisa￾tion rotatoire. C R Se´ances Acad Sci 1848;26:535–538. 5. Pasteur L. The` se de chimie. Recherches sur la capacite´ de saturation de l’acide arse´ nieux. E´ tude des arse´ nites de potasse, de soude et d’ammoniaque. In: Pasteur Vallery-Radot L, editor. Œuvres de Pas￾teur, Vol. 1. Paris: Masson et Cie; 1922. p 1–18. 6. Pasteur L. The` se de physique. 1. E´ tude des phe´ nome`nes relatifs a` la polarisation rotatoire des liquides. 2. Application de la polarisation rotatoire des liquides a` la solution de diverses questions de chimie. In: Pasteur Vallery-Radot L, editor. Œuvres de Pasteur, Vol. 1. Paris: Masson et Cie; 1922. p 19–30. 7. Geison GL. Pasteur, Louis. In: Gillispie CC, editor. Dictionary of Sci￾entific Biography, Vol. X. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons; 1974. p 356–357. 8. Pasteur L. In: Pasteur Vallery-Radot L, editor. Correspondance de Pasteur I. Lettres de jeunesse. L’e´ tape de la crystallographie. 1840– 1857. Paris: Flammarion; 1940. p 162–163. 9. Pasteur Vallery-Radot L. In: Pasteur Vallery-Radot L, editor. Corre￾spondance de Pasteur I. Lettres de jeunesse. L’e´ tape de la crystallog￾raphie. 1840–1857. Paris: Flammarion; 1940. p 163. 10. Pasteur L. Recherches sur la dissyme´ trie mole´culaire des produits organiques naturels. In: Pasteur Vallery-Radot L, editor. Œuvres de Pasteur, Vol. 1. Paris: Masson et Cie; 1922. p 320–327. 11. Kaufmann GB, Myers D. The resolution of racemic acid. A classic stereochemical experiment for the undergraduate laboratory. J Chem Ed 1975;52:777–781. 12. Geison GL. The Private Science of Louis Pasteur. Princeton: Prince￾ton University Press; 1995. p 53. 13. Nicolle J. Structure Mole´culaire et Proprie´ te´ s Biologiques. Cas Par￾ticulier des Isome`res Optiques. Paris: Flammarion; 1973. p 12. 14. Vallery-Radot R. La vie de Pasteur. Paris: Librairie Hachette et Cie; 1900. p 46–47. 15. Regnault HV, Balard J-A, Dumas J-B, Biot J-B. I. Rapport sur un me´moire pre´ sente´ a` l’Acade´mie par M. L. Pasteur, avec ce titre: Recherches sur les relations qui peuvent exister entre la forme crys￾talline, la composition chimique et le sens du pouvoir rotatoire. In: Pasteur Vallery-Radot L, editor. Œuvres de Pasteur, Vol. 1. Paris: Masson et Cie; 1922. p 415–423. 16. Geison GL. Pasteur, Louis. In: Gillispie CC, editor. Dictionary of Scien￾tific Biography, Vol. X. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons; 1974. p 360. 17. Eliel EL, Wilen S. Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds. New York: Wiley; 1994. p 6. 18. Brock WH. The Norton History of Chemistry. New York: WW Nor￾ton; 1992. p 245–256. 19. Brock WH. The Norton History of Chemistry. New York: WW Nor￾ton; 1992. p 259. 20. Pasteur L. Recherches sur la dissyme´ trie mole´culaire des produits organiques naturels. Premie`re lec¸on. In: Pasteur Vallery-Radot L, edi￾tor. Œuvres de Pasteur, Vol. 1. Paris: Masson et Cie; 1922. p 315–328. 21. Pasteur L. Recherches sur la dissyme´ trie mole´culaire des produits organiques naturels. Deuxie`me lec¸on. In: Pasteur Vallery-Radot L, edi￾tor. Œuvres de Pasteur, Vol 1. Paris: Masson et Cie; 1922. p 329–344. 22. Pasteur L. Recherches sur la dissyme´ trie mole´culaire des produits organiques naturels. In: Pasteur Vallery-Radot L, editor. Œuvres de Pasteur, Vol. 1. Paris: Masson et Cie; 1922. p 327. 23. Walden P. Salts, Acids, and Bases: Electrolytes: Stereochemistry. New York: McGraw-Hill Book; 1929. p 346–347. 24. Pasteur L. Me´moire sur la relation qui peut exister entre la forme crystalline et la composition chimique, et sur la cause de la polarisa￾tion rotatoire. In: Pasteur Vallery-Radot L, editor. Œuvres de Pas￾teur, Vol. 1. Paris: Masson et Cie; 1922. p 61–64. 25. Pasteur L. Me´moire sur la relation qui peut exister entre la forme crystalline et la composition chimique, et sur la cause de la polarisa￾tion rotatoire. In: Pasteur Vallery-Radot L, editor. Œuvres de Pas￾teur, Vol. 1. Paris: Masson et Cie; 1922. p 61. 26. Nicolle J. Louis Pasteur: Un maıˆtre de l’enqueˆ te scientifique. Paris: La Colombe; 1953. p 25–26. 27. Mislow K. Introduction—Retournons a` Pasteur! In: Lough WJ, Wainer IW, editors. Chirality in Natural and Applied Science. Oxford: Blackwell Science; 2002. p iii. 28. ‘‘Pasteur, Louis.’’ Encyclopædia Britannica. 2007. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Available at: http://www.britannica.com/eb/ article-12563. Accessed on September 24, 2007. 29. McManus C. Right Hand, Left Hand: The Origins of Asymmetry in Brains, Bodies, Atoms, and Cultures. London: Weidenfeld and Ni￾cholson; 2002. p 7, 363. 30. Buckingham J. Chasing the Molecule. Phoenix Mill: Sutton Publish￾ing; 2004. p 201, 234. 31. Lowry TM. Optical Rotatory Power. London: Longmans, Green and Co.; 1935. p 28. 32. Geison GL, Secord JA. Pasteur and the process of discovery: The case of optical isomerism. Isis 1988;79:32–33. 33. Mauskopf SH. Crystals and compounds: Molecular structure and composition in nineteenth-century French science. Trans Am Philos Soc 1976;66:78. 34. Vallery-Radot M. Pasteur. Paris: Perrin; 1994. p 418. 35. Debre´ P. Louis Pasteur. Paris: Flammarion; 1994. p 63, 530. 36. Geison GL. The Private Science of Louis Pasteur. Princeton: Prince￾ton University Press; 1995. p 85. 37. Kauffman GB, Bernal I, Schu¨tt H-W. Overlooked opportunities in stereochemistry. IV. Eilhard Mitscherlich’s near discovery of con- 1082 GAL Chirality DOI 10.1002/chir