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H. Venugopalan, 1. Deb Roy/ Materials Science and Engineering 4232(1997)39-46 Acknowledgements [12] A.S. Nagelberg, S, Antolin, A W. Urquhart, Formation Al2O3 /Metal composites by the directed oxidation of molten This work was supported by the National Science aiuminum-magnesium-silicon alloys: part Il, growth kinetics, J Foundation, Division of Materials Research under [13]S Antolin, A.S. Nagelberg, D K Creber, Formation of Al, O3 Grant No. DMR-9118075 fetal coinpusites by the directed oxidation of molten alu ninum-magnesium-silicon alloys: Part I, microstructural development, J. Am. Ceram Soc. 75(2)(1992)447-454. [14 T. DebRoy, A. Bandhopadhyay, R. Roy, Oxide matrix com- posite by directional oxidation of a commercial aluminum-mag References lesium alloy, J, Am. Ceram. Soc. 77(5)(1994)1296-1300 15] H. Venugopalan, K. Tankala, T. DebRoy, Kinetics of oxidation []MS. Newkirk, A W. Urquhart, H.R. Zwicker, F. Breval, Fe mation of Lanxide TM ceramic composite materials, J. Mater. Res AlO /Al composites, Mater. Sci Eng 210A (1-2)(1996)64-75 1(1)(1986)81-89 [16 H. Venugopalan, T. Debroy, Growth stage kinetics in the synthesis of Al,O3Al composites by directed oxidation of Al ity of alumina aluminum composites synthesized by directed Mg and Al-Mg-Si alloys, J. Eur. Ceram Soc. 16(1996)1351 metal oxidation, J. Am. Ceram Soc. 77(11)(1994) 3045-3047. 1363 [3] M.S. Newkirk, H.D. Lesher, D.R. White, C R. Kennedy, A W. [17]E. Breval, A.S. Nagelberg, Microstructure of an Al2o, /metal Urquhart, T D, Claar, Ceramic matrix composites: matrix for composite containing an filler material, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. mation by the directed oxidation of molten metals, Ceram. En Pro.132(1989)9 [18 T. Watari, K. Mori, T. Torikai, O, Matsuda, Growth of alu- [4] C.A. Andersson, r. Barron-Antolin, G.I. Schiroky, A.S. mina/metal composites into porous ceramics by the oxidation of reed, Properties of fiber-reinforced Lanxide TM alumina matrix luminum,J,Am. Ceran.Soc,77(10)(1994)2599-2602. nternationa, Whisker and Fiber Toughened Ceramics, ASM 19] A.S. Nagelberg. The effect of processing parameters on the materials Park. OH, 1988, pp. 209-215 growth rate and microstructure of Al2O3 /Metal composites, [5]AS. Nagelberg, A.S. Fareed, D J. Landini, Production of ce- Mater Res. Soc. Symp Proc, 155(1989)275-282. ramic matrix composites for clevated temperature applications [20] DD. Upadhyaya, R. Bhat, S. Ramanathdn, s.K. Roy, Effect of sing the diMoxTM directed metal oxidation process, in: Pro phase porosity on directed oxidation of Al alloy, J. Alloy Metals and Materials Society, 1992, pp. 121-14 he minerals. cessing and Fabrication of advanced material Comd205(1994)275-279 [21] G.T. Nolan, P.E. Kavanagh, Computer simulation of [6]A w. Urquhart, Novel reinforced ceramics and metals: a review acking of hard spheres, Powder Technol. 72( 1992)149 of Lanxide's ologIes L.EngA144(1991)75-82. J. Szekely, J W. Evans, H.Y. Sohn, Gas-Solld Reaction [7] A.S. Nagelberg, Growth kinetics of Al2O metal composites demic Press, New York. New York, 1976 from a complex aluminum alloy Solid State Ionics 32/33(1989 [23]M. Sindel. N. Claussen, in: W.A. Kaysser, J. Weber (Eds 783-788 Emerging Materials by Advanced Processing, KFA, Julich, 1989 [8K.C. Vlach, O. Salas, H. Ni, V. Jayaram, C.G. Levi, R. Mehra 4 F.S. Levin, Polytherms of the viscosity and self-diffusion of bian, A thermogravimetric study of the oxidative growth of molten aluminum, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSsR, Met. 5(/2-78 Al,O3/Al composites, J Mater Res. 6(9)(1991)1982-1995 pi Ha or pbhs ts o poste b pitied on anton s atate e te n meid nrti f les ley of Al-Mg alloys,, Metall. Trans. 27B(1996)43-50 IU O. Salas, V, Jayaram, K C. Vlach, C.C. Levi, R. Mehrabian 26]M w, Chase, Jr, CA J. R. Bovary, Jr. of composite formation by oxidation of liquid R.A. McDonald. A N Sered jAnAF Thermoche aluminum alloys, J, Am. Ceram. Soc. 78(3)(1995)609-622 bles, 3rd edn., American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, [l1]O. Salas, H. Ni, V. Jayaram, K C. Vlach, C G. Levi, R. Mehra bian, Nucleation and growth of Al,O3/Metal composites by [27]S. Otsuka, Z. Kozuka, Thermodynamic study of oxygen in liquid oxidation of aluminum alloys, J. Mater. Res. 6(9)(1991)1964- ements of group IB to VIB, Trans. J Inst Met. 22(8)(1981) 1981,46 Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Foundation, Division of Materials Grant No. DMR-9 118075. T. DebRoy ,’ Matet%ds Science ma’ Enginening A232 (1997) 39-46 National Science Research under References [l] M.S. Newkirk, A.W. Urquhart, H.R. Zwicker, E. Breval, For￾mation of LanxideThi ceramic composite materials, J. Mater. Res. 1 (1) (1986) 81-89. [2] H. Venugopalan, K. Tankala, T. DebRoy, Electrical conductiv￾ity of alumina/aluminum composites synthesized by directed metal oxidation, J. Am. Ceram. Sot. 77 (11) (1994) 3045-3047. [3] M.S. Newkirk, H.D. Lesher, D.R. White, C.R. 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Jayaram, C.G. Levi, R. Mehra￾bian, A thermogravimetric study of the oxidative growth of Al,O;/Al composites, J. Mater. Res. 6 (9) (1991) 1982-1995. [9] H. Venugopalan, K. Tankala, T. DebRoy, Probing the initial stage of synthesis of Al,O,/Al composites by directed oxidation of A1-Mg alloys’, Metall. Trans. 27B (1996) 43-50. [lo] 0. Salas, V. Jayaram, K.C. Vlach, C.G. Levi, R. Mehrabian, Early stages of composite formation by oxidation of liquid aluminum alloys, J. Am. Ceram. Sot. 78 (3) (1995) 609-622. [l l] 0. Salas, H. Ni, V. Jayaram, KC. Vlach, C.G. Levi, R. Mehra￾bian, Nucleation and growth of Al,O,/Metal composites by oxidation of aluminum alloys, J. Mater. Res. 6 (9) (1991) 1964- 1981. [12] A.S. Nagelberg, S. Antolin, A.W. Urquhart, Formation of Al,O,/Metal composites by the directed oxidation of molten aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloys: part II, growth kinetics, J. Am. Ceram. Sot. 75 (2) (1992) 455-462. [I31 S. Antolin, AS. Nagelberg, D.K. Creber, Formation of Al,O,/ Metal composites by the directed oxidation of molten alu￾minum-magnesium-silicon alloys: Part I, microstructural development, .I. Am. Ceram. Sot. 75 (2) (1992) 447-454. [14] T. DcbRoy, A. Bandhopadhyay, R. Roy, Oxide matrix com￾posite by directional oxidation of a commercial aluminum-mag￾nesium alloy’, J. Am. Ceram. Sot. 77 (5) (1994) 1296-1300. [15] H. Venugopalan, K. Tankala, T. DcbRoy, Kinetics of oxidation of Al-Mg alloys in the initial and final stages of synthesis of Al,O,/Al composites, Mater. Sci. Eng. 210A (l-2) (1996) 63-75. [16] H. Venugopalan, T. DebRoy, Growth stage kinetics in the synthesis of AI,O,/AI composites by directed oxidation of Al￾Mg and Al-Mg-Si alloys, J. Eur. Ceram. Sot. 16 (1996) 1351- 1363. [17] E. Breval, AS. Nagelberg, Microstructure of an Al,O,/metal composite containing an filler material, Mater. Res. Sot. Symp. Proc. 132 (1989) 93-98. [lS] T. Watari, K. Mori, T. Torikai, 0. Matsuda, Growth of alu￾mina/metal composites into porous ceramics by the oxidation of aluminum, J. Am. Ceram. Sot, 77 (10) (1994) 2599-2602. [19] A.S. Nagelberg, The effect of processing parameters on the growth rate and microstructure of Al,O,/Meral composites, Mater. Res. Sot. Symp. Proc. 155 (1989) 275-282, 1201 D.D. Upadhyaya, R. Bhat, S. Ramanathan, S.K. Roy, Effect of filler phase porosity on directed oxidation of AI alloy, J. Alloys Compd 205 (1994) 275-279. [21] G.T. Nolan, P.E. Kavanagh, Computer simulation of random packing of hard spheres, Powder Technol. 72 (1992) 149- 155. [22] J. Szekely, J.W. Evans, H.Y. Sohn, Gas-Solid Reactions, Aca￾demic Press, New York, New York, 1976. 1231 M. Sindel, N. Claussen, in: W.A. Kaysser, J. Weber (Eds.), Emerging Materials by Advanced Processing, KFA, Julich, 1989. [24] F.S. Levin, Polytherms of the viscosity and self-diffusion of molten aluminum, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Met. 5 (72-78) (1971). 1251 B.L. Tiwdri, Thermodynamic properties of liquid Al-Mg alloys measured by the Emf method, Metall. Trans. 18A (1987) 1645- 1651. [26j M.W. Chase, Jr., CA. Davies, J.R. Bowary, Jr., D.J. Fromp, R.A. McDonald, A.N. Syverud, JANAF Thermochemical Ta￾bles, 3rd edn., American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1986. [27] S. Otsuka, Z. Kozuka, Thermodynamic study of oxygen in liquid elements of group IB to VIB, Trans. J. Inst. Met. 22 (8) (1981) 558-566
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