数学中国w, madio,net Evaluation and Improvement of Healthcare Systems 113 Evaluation and Improvement of Healthcare Systems Luting Kong Yivi Chen hao Ye Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing, China Advisors: Qing Zhou and Zuguo He S umma ry To evaluate the effectiveness of healthcare systems, we describe metrics in three categories: resources, performance, and inequity. Inthe Incomplete- Induction Model, we use the Variance Analysis method to evaluate the sig nificance of each metric. The four most important metrics are the percentage of GDPspenton healthcare, the ratio of general government expenditure on health to private expenditure, health-adjusted life expectancy, and health We combine the metrics into two integrative metrics, the ratio of re sources to performance, and healthinequity, using the Analytical Hierarchy Process. The two metrics make up the Evaluation Vector. To compare the effectiveness of different health systems by means of the Evaluation Vector, we construct two comparison models In Model l, we compare based on relative disparity In Model 2, we introduce a coordinate system in which a vector stands for a healthcare system. The effectiveness of thesystem is reflected by the length of the vector: A smaller length stands for a better system. In Task IV and Task V, we choose Brazil for its good healthcare system nd India for its poor one. According to the two comparison models, both systems are better than that of the U.S. Then we analyze the relationshi etween resources and system effectiveness in order to explain why the Indian system is better In Task VI, we analyze the U.S. system and put forward suggestions A. The UMAP Journal 29(2)(2008)113-133. @Copyright 200 by COMAP, Inc. All rights reserved. advantage and that copies bear this notice, Abstracting with credit is permitted, but copys is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commen for compoments of this work owned by others than COMAP must be honored. To copy otherwis post on servers, or to redistribute to lists requires prior permission from COMAP数学中国 www.madio.net