夏倚荣英语学习系列·全国研究生入学英语考试·考前冲刺试卷CB Text 1 SUMMER: NETEM: CBS The famil iar saying that the exception proves the rule contains a good deal of wisdom, though from the standpoint of formal log ic it became an absurdity as soon as "prove" no longer meant "put on trial". The old saw began to be profound psychology from the time it ceased to have standing in logic. What it might well suggest to us today is that, if a rule has absolutely no exceptions, it is not recognized as a rule or as anything else; it is then part of the background of experience of which we tend to remain unconscious Never having experienced anything in contrast to it, we cannot isolate it and formulate it as a rule until we so nlarge our exper ience and expand our base of reference that we encounter an interruption of its regularity. The situation is somewhat analogous to that of not missing the water till the well runs dry, or not realizing that we need air till we are choking For instance, if a race of people had the physiolog ical defect of being able to see only the color blue, they would hardly be able to formulate the rule that they saw only blue. The term blue would convey no meaning to them, their language would lack color terms, and their words denoting their various sensations of blue would answer to, and translate, our words"light, dark, white, black, and so on, not our word"blue. In order to formulate the rule or norm of seeing only blue, they would need exceptional moments in which they saw other colors. The phenomenon of gravitation forms a rule without exceptions; needless to say, the untutored person is utterly unaware of any law of gravitation, for it would never enter his head to conceive of a universe in which bodies behave otherwise than they do at the earths surface. Like the color blue with our hypothet ical race, the law of gravitation is a part of the untutored individuals background, not something he isolates from that background. The law could not be formul ated until bodies that always fell were seen in terms of a wider tronomical world in which bodies moved in orbits or went this way and that Similar ly, whenever we turn our heads, the image of the scene passes across our retinas exactly as it would if the scene turned around us. But this effect is background, and we do not recognize it; we do not see a room turn clear views. Normally we are quite unconscious of this continual blurring but seem to be look ing about in an unblurred world 41. The popular saying that"the exception proves the rule A] identifies exception with rule and misleads a lot of people [B] used to sound logical when"prove"conveys"put on trial [C] points to the truth that a rule without exceptions is perfect. D] sounds so absurd today that people no longer refer to it. 42. If a race of people were able to see the color blue only, their words denoting their various sensations of blue would ur words of"light, dark, white or black. [A]run counter to b be equivalent to I bear no relation to 43. An illiterate is utterly ignorant of any law of gravitation because [A] exceptions of the law usually cannot be perceived by his own eyes [B] the law of gravitation is an idea he isolates from his individual background [C] he occasionally conceives of a universe in which bodies behave different ID] he rarely goes out of his room to see and investigate the world 4. When we turn our heads quickly, we will [A]recognize that the scene turns around us [C] only see a blurring of the scene B] find that the background turns blurred D] forget that we are in a stationary room. 45. What is the passage mainly about? [A] why the law of gravitation is difficult for people to understand 启迪广袤思维 COPE英语3HOW夏徛荣英语学习系列·全国研究生入学英语考试·考前冲刺试卷 CB 启迪广袤思维 5 COPE 英语 3HOW Text 1 The familiar saying that the exception proves the rule contains a good deal of wisdom, though from the standpoint of formal logic it became an absurdity as soon as “prove” no longer meant “put on trial”. The old saw began to be profound psychology from the time it ceased to have standing in logic. What it might well suggest to us today is that, if a rule has absolutely no exceptions, it is not recognized as a rule or as anything else; it is then part of the background of experience of which we tend to remain unconscious. Never having experienced anything in contrast to it, we cannot isolate it and formulate it as a rule until we so enlarge our experience and expand our base of reference that we encounter an interruption of its regularity. The situation is somewhat analogous to that of not missing the water till the well runs dry, or not realizing that we need air till we are choking. For instance, if a race of people had the physiological defect of being able to see only the color blu e, they would hardly be able to formulate the rule that they saw only blue. The term blue would convey no meaning to them, their language would lack color terms, and their words denoting their various sensations of blue would answer to, and translate, our words “light, dark, white, black,” and so on, not our word “blue.” In order to formulate the rule or norm of seeing only blue, they would need exceptional moments in which they saw other colors. The phenomenon of gravitation forms a rule without exceptions; needless to say, the untutored person is utterly unaware of any law of gravitation, for it would never enter his head to conceive of a universe in which bodies behave otherwise than they do at the earth’s surface. Like the color blue with our hypothetica l race, the law of gravitation is a part of the untutored individuals background, not something he isolates from that background. The law could not be formulated until bodies that always fell were seen in terms of a wider astronomical world in which bodies moved in orbits or went this way and that. Similarly, whenever we turn our heads, the image of the scene passes across our retinas exactly as it would if the scene turned around us. But this effect is background, and we do not recognize it; we do not see a room turn around us but are conscious only of having turned our heads —— in a stationary room. If we observe critically while turning the head or eyes quickly, we shall see, no motion it is true, yet a blurring of the scene between two clear views. Normally we are quite unconscious of this continual blurring but seem to be looking about in an unblurred world. 41. The popular saying that “the exception proves the rule” [A] identifies exception with rule and misleads a lot of people. [B] used to sound logical when “prove” conveys “put on trial.” [C] points to the truth that a rule without exceptions is perfect. [D] sounds so absurd today that people no longer refer to it. 42. If a race of people were able to see the color blue only, their words denoting their various sensations of blue would ____ our words of “light, dark, white or black.” [A] run counter to [B] be equivalent to [C] derive from [D] bear no relation to 43. An illiterate is utterly ignorant of any law of gravitation because [A] exceptions of the law usually cannot be perceived by his own eyes. [B] the law of gravitation is an idea he isolates from his individual background. [C] he occasionally conceives of a universe in which bodies behave differently. [D] he rarely goes out of his room to see and investigate the world. 44. When we turn our heads quickly, we will [A] recognize that the scene turns around us. [B] find that the background turns blurred. [C] only see a blurring of the scene. [D] forget that we are in a stationary room. 45. What is the passage mainly about? [A] why the law of gravitation is difficult for people to understand. SUMMER : NETEM: CB5