Tea Tree Oil and Antibiotic Resistance sub-lethal concentrations of tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia)is associ- tions,p.365-440.In Lorian (ed),V.Antibiotics in laboratory medicine. ated with reduced susceptibility to antibiotics in human pathogens.J. Lippincott Williams Wilkins,Philadelphia,PA. Antimicrob.Chemother.59:125-127. 28 Shapira R,Mimran E.2007.Isolation and characterization of Escherichia 24.McMahon MAS,et al.2008.Changes in antibiotic susceptibility in staph- coli mutants exhibiting altered response to thymol.Microb.Drug Resist. ylococci habituated to sub-lethal concentrations of tea tree oil (Melaleuca Mech.Epidemiol.Dis.13:157-165. alternifolia).Lett.Appl.Microbiol.47:263-268 Sia IG,Wieland ML 2011.Current concepts in the management of 25.Mondello F,De Bernardis F,Girolamo A,Salvatore G,Cassone A.2003.In tuberculosis.Mayo Clin.Proc.86:348-361. vitro and in vivo activity of tea tree oil against azole-susceptible and -resistant 30. Thompson G,et al.2008.A randomized controlled trial of tea tree oil human pathogenic yeasts.J.Antimicrob.Chemother.51:1223-1229 (5%)body wash versus standard body wash to prevent colonization with 26.Papadopoulos CJ,Carson CF,Chang B),Riley TV.2008.Role of the MexAB. methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)in critically ill adults OprM effux pump of Pseudomonas in tolerance to teatree(Melaleuca search protocol.BMC Infect.Dis.8:161. altertifolia)oil and its monoterpene components terpinen-4-ol,1,8-cineole,and 31.Ultee A,Kets EPW,Alberda M,Hoekstra FA,Smid EJ.2000.Adaptation alpha-terpineol.Appl.Environ.Microbiol.74:1932-1935. of the food-borne pathogen Bacillus cereus to carvacrol.Arch.Microbiol. 27.Pillai S,Moellering R Jr.,Eliopoulos G.2005.Antimicrobial combina 174:233-238 Downloaded from http://aac.asm.org/on May 12,2015 by SHANGHAI JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY February 2012 Volume 56 Number 2 aac.asm.org 915sub-lethal concentrations of tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia) is associ￾ated with reduced susceptibility to antibiotics in human pathogens. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 59:125–127. 24. McMahon MAS, et al. 2008. Changes in antibiotic susceptibility in staph￾ylococci habituated to sub-lethal concentrations of tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia). Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 47:263–268. 25. Mondello F, De Bernardis F, Girolamo A, Salvatore G, Cassone A. 2003. In vitro and in vivo activity of tea tree oil against azole-susceptible and -resistant human pathogenic yeasts. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 51:1223–1229. 26. Papadopoulos CJ, Carson CF, Chang BJ, Riley TV. 2008. Role of the MexAB￾OprM efflux pump ofPseudomonas aeruginosa in tolerance to tea tree (Melaleuca altenifolia) oil and its monoterpene components terpinen-4-ol, 1,8-cineole, and alpha-terpineol. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74:1932–1935. 27. Pillai S, Moellering R Jr., Eliopoulos G. 2005. Antimicrobial combina￾tions, p. 365–440. In Lorian (ed), V. Antibiotics in laboratory medicine. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA. 28. Shapira R, Mimran E. 2007. Isolation and characterization of Escherichia coli mutants exhibiting altered response to thymol. Microb. Drug Resist. Mech. Epidemiol. Dis. 13:157–165. 29. Sia IG, Wieland ML. 2011. Current concepts in the management of tuberculosis. Mayo Clin. Proc. 86:348 –361. 30. Thompson G, et al. 2008. A randomized controlled trial of tea tree oil (5%) body wash versus standard body wash to prevent colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in critically ill adults: research protocol. BMC Infect. Dis. 8:161. 31. Ultee A, Kets EPW, Alberda M, Hoekstra FA, Smid EJ. 2000. Adaptation of the food-borne pathogen Bacillus cereus to carvacrol. Arch. Microbiol. 174:233–238. Tea Tree Oil and Antibiotic Resistance February 2012 Volume 56 Number 2 aac.asm.org 915 on May 12, 2015 by SHANGHAI JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY http://aac.asm.org/ Downloaded from