n,=Me△/R7 ca 20.000 atoms =(8.47×10 ). expl mo cm cal 1.987 ×298K mol-K 815x10% vacancies/cm 2∵n.=1.815×10 11=N、e △U/RT =(847×102)e 2)o20,000(4987 20.0001.815×101 ln 26.87 1.987×T 8.47×1 0.000 T 375K=102C 1.987×26.878 3 3 22 1.815 10 vacancies/ cm 298K mol K cal 1.987 mol cal 20,000 ) exp cm atoms (8.47 10                 U RT v v n N e  22 20,000 /(1.987 ) 11 / (8.47 10 ) 1.815 10 T U RT v v e n N e          26.87 8.47 10 1.815 10 ln 1.987 20,000 22 11         T 375K 102 C 1.987 26.87 20,000     T 