Quartz Crystal and Quartz Glass Transparent, amorphous solid Composition almost all silicon dioxide(SiO Quartz sand) Lead glass SiO.+ PbO, and K Quartz Crystal Quartz Glass Pyrex glass ? SiOz with BD3 so so% Green glass(cheap bottles)) FeO Blue glass Cobalt oxide+ Siog Fo mu ne Violet glass→ Yellow glass Uranium oxide SiO2 Red glass ]Gold and copper+ SiO 2 Liquid crystal From Crystal to Liquid Crystal Liquid crystals are a phase to Liquid tween that 捷图 LC typically rodshaped organic moieties about 25 湖鬻 Angstroms in length and liquid This is the structure change process of some molecule saiid tisd Orlat with long chains when increasing temperatures Principles of Liquid Crystal Displays +1 Entropy5 Quartz Crystal and Quartz Glass Quartz Crystal Quartz Glass Glass ß Transparent, amorphous solid –Composition almost all silicon dioxide (SiO2 – Quartz sand) ß Ordinary glass ‡ 75% SiO2 ß Pyrex glass ‡ SiO2 with B2O3 ß Lead glass ‡ SiO2 + PbO, and K2O ß Green glass (cheap bottles) ‡ FeO + SiO2 ß Blue glass ‡ Cobalt oxide + SiO2 ß Violet glass ‡ Manganese + SiO2 ß Yellow glass ‡ Uranium oxide + SiO2 ß Red glass ‡ Gold and copper + SiO2 Liquid Crystal Liquid crystals are a phase of matter whose order is intermediate between that of a liquid and that of a crystal. The molecules are typically rod-shaped organic moieties about 25 Angstroms in length and their ordering is a function of temperature. From Crystal to Liquid Crystal to Liquid (a)crystal，(b)、(c) anisotropic liquids，(d) isotropic liquid This is the structure change process of some molecules with long chains when increasing temperatures Nematic Entropy driven formation of liquid crystals of rod-like colloids Isotropic Crystal Smectic = Direction of increasing density Principles of Liquid Crystal Displays No voltage voltage