(x,=x1+x巧+… 内积具有下列性质(其中x,y,z为n维向量,λ为实数): 对称性:(x,功=(,x 线性性质:(x,y=A(x, (x+y,动=(x,+(y,团 礼x,y x+y,列(x, y) = x1 y1 + x2 y2 + … + xn yn = xT y. 内积具有下列性质(其中 x, y, z 为 n 维向量,λ 为实数): 对称性: (x, y) = (y, x). 线性性质: (λ x, y) = λ(x, y). (x + y, z) = (x, z) + (y, z) [ , ] ( ) ( ) [ , ] T T T λ λ λ λ λ x y x y x y x y x y = ⋅ = ⋅ = = [ , ] ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) [ , ] [ , ] T T T T T x y z x y z x y z x z y z x z y z + = + ⋅ = + ⋅ = + = +