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Ｂｅｒｋｅｌｅｙ，２００４：２７３８ ［４７］ＧｒｕｔｅｓｅｒＭ，ＧｒｕｎｗａｌｄＤ．Ａｎｏｎｙｍｏｕｓｕｓａｇｅｏｆｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎ ｂａｓｅｄｓｅｒｖｉｃｅｓｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｓｐａｔｉａｌａｎｄｔｅｍｐｏｒａｌｃｌｏａｋｉｎｇ／／Ｐｒｏ ｃｅｅｄｉｎｇｓｏｆｔｈｅ１ｓｔＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＣｏｎｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｏｎＭｏｂｉｌｅＳｙｓ ｔｅｍｓ，Ａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓ，ａｎｄＳｅｒｖｉｃｅｓ．ＳａｎＦｒａｎｃｉｓｃｏ，２００３： ３１４２ ［４８］ＴａｎＫＷ，ＬｉｎＹ，ＭｏｕｒａｔｉｄｉｓＫ．Ｓｐａｔｉａｌｃｌｏａｋｉｎｇｒｅｖｉｓｉｔｅｄ： ｄｉｓｔｉｎｇｕｉｓｈｉｎｇｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｌｅａｋａｇｅｆｒｏｍａｎｏｎｙｍｉｔｙ／／Ｐｒｏｃｅｅｄ ｉｎｇｓｏｆｔｈｅ１１ｔｈＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＳｙｍｐｏｓｉｕｍｏｎＡｄｖａｎｃｅｓｉｎ ＳｐａｔｉａｌａｎｄＴｅｍｐｏｒａｌＤａｔａｂａｓｅｓ．Ａａｌｂｏｒｇ，２００９：１１７１３４ ［４９］ＳｏｌａｎａｓＡ，ＤｏｍｉｎｇｏＦｅｒｒｅｒＪ，ＭａｒｔｉｎｅｚＢａｌｌｅｓｔｅＡ．Ｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎ ｐｒｉｖａｃｙｉｎｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎｂａｓｅｄｓｅｒｖｉｃｅｓ：ＢｅｙｏｎｄＴＴＰｂａｓｅｄ ｓｃｈｅｍｅｓ／／Ｐｒｏｃｅｅｄｉｎｇｓｏｆｔｈｅ１ｓｔＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＷｏｒｋｓｈｏｐｏｎ ＰｒｉｖａｃｙｉｎＬｏｃａｔｉｏｎＢａｓｅｄＡｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓ．Ｍａｌａｇａ，２００８ ［５０］ＳｗｅｅｎｅｙＬ．犽ａｎｏｎｉｍｉｔｙ：Ａｍｏｄｅｌｆｏｒｐｒｏｔｅｃｔｉｎｇｐｒｉｖａｃｙ．Ｉｎ ｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＪｏｕｒｎａｌｏｆＵｎｃｅｒｔａｉｎｔｙ，ＦｕｚｚｉｎｅｓｓａｎｄＫｎｏｗｌ ｅｄｇｅＢａｓｅｄＳｙｓｔｅｍｓ，２００２，１０（５）：５５７５７０ ［５１］ＧｅｄｉｋＢ，ＬｉｕＬ．Ｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎｐｒｉｖａｃｙｉｎｍｏｂｉｌｅｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ：Ａｐｅｒ ｓｏｎａｌｉｚｅｄａｎｏｎｙｍｉｚａｔｉｏｎｍｏｄｅｌ／／Ｐｒｏｃｅｅｄｉｎｇｓｏｆｔｈｅ２５ｔｈＩｎ ｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＣｏｎｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｏｎＤｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｅｄＣｏｍｐｕｔｉｎｇＳｙｓｔｅｍｓ． Ｃｏｌｕｍｂｕｓ，Ｏｈｉｏ，ＵＳＡ，２００５：６２０６２９ ［５２］ＬｉｎＸｉｎ，ＬｉＳｈａｎＰｉｎｇ，ＹａｎｇＺｈａｏＨｕｉ．Ａｔｔａｃｋｉｎｇａｌｇｏ ｒｉｔｈｍｓａｇａｉｎｓｔｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｏｕｓｑｕｅｒｉｅｓｉｎＬＢＳａｎｄａｎｏｎｙｍｉｔｙ ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｍｅｎｔ．ＪｏｕｒｎａｌｏｆＳｏｆｔｗａｒｅ，２００９，２０（４）：１０５８１０６８ （ｉｎＣｈｉｎｅｓｅ） （林欣，李善平，杨朝晖．ＬＢＳ中连续查询攻击算法及匿名性 度量．软件学报，２００９，２０（４）：１０５８１０６８） ［５３］ＭｏｋｂｅｌＭＦ，ＣｈｏｗＣＹ，ＡｒｅｆＷＧ．Ｔｈｅｎｅｗｃａｓｐｅｒ：Ｑｕｅｒｙ ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｉｎｇｆｏｒｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎｓｅｒｖｉｃｅｓｗｉｔｈｏｕｔｃｏｍｐｒｏｍｉｓｉｎｇｐｒｉｖａ ｃｙ／／Ｐｒｏｃｅｅｄｉｎｇｓｏｆｔｈｅ３２ｎｄＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＣｏｎｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｏｎ ＶｅｒｙＬａｒｇｅＤａｔａＢａｓｅｓ．Ｓｅｏｕｌ，２００６：７６３７７４ ［５４］ＫａｌｎｉｓＰ，ＧｈｉｎｉｔａＧ，ＭｏｕｒａｔｉｄｉｓＫ，ＰａｐａｄｉａｓＤ．Ｐｒｅｖｅｎｔｉｎｇ ｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎｂａｓｅｄｉｄｅｎｔｉｔｙｉｎｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｉｎａｎｏｎｙｍｏｕｓｓｐａｔｉａｌｑｕｅ ｒｉｅｓ．ＩＥＥＥＴｒａｎｓａｃｔｉｏｎｓｏｎＫｎｏｗｌｅｄｇｅａｎｄＤａｔａＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒ ｉｎｇ，２００７，１９（１２）：１７１９１７３３ ［５５］ＢａｍｂａＢ，ＬｉｕＬ，ＰｅｓｔｉＰ，ＷａｎｇＴ．Ｓｕｐｐｏｒｔｉｎｇａｎｏｎｙｍｏｕｓ ｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎｑｕｅｒｉｅｓｉｎｍｏｂｉｌｅｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔｓｗｉｔｈｐｒｉｖａｃｙｇｒｉｄ／／ Ｐｒｏｃｅｅｄｉｎｇｓｏｆｔｈｅ１７ｔｈＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＣｏｎｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｏｎＷｏｒｌｄ ＷｉｄｅＷｅｂ．Ｂｅｉｊｉｎｇ，２００８：２３７２４６ ［５６］ＤｏｍｉｎｇｏＦｅｒｒｅｒＪ．Ｍｉｃｒｏａｇｇｒｅｇａｔｉｏｎｆｏｒｄａｔａｂａｓｅａｎｄｌｏｃａ ｔｉｏｎｐｒｉｖａｃｙ／／Ｐｒｏｃｅｅｄｉｎｇｓｏｆｔｈｅ６ｔｈＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＷｏｒｋｓｈｏｐ ｏｎＮｅｘｔＧｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎＩｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓａｎｄＳｙｓｔｅｍｓ． ＫｉｂｂｕｔｚＳｈｅｆａｙｉｍ，２００６：１０６１１６ ［５７］ＣｈｏｗＣ，ＭｏｋｂｅｌＭＦ，ＬｉｕＸ．Ａｐｅｅｒｔｏｐｅｅｒｓｐａｔｉａｌｃｌｏａ ｋｉｎｇａｌｇｏｒｉｔｈｍｆｏｒａｎｏｎｙｍｏｕｓｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎｂａｓｅｄｓｅｒｖｉｃｅｓ／／Ｐｒｏ ｃｅｅｄｉｎｇｓｏｆ１４ｔｈＡＣＭＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＳｙｍｐｏｓｉｕｍｏｎＧｅｏ ｇｒａｐｈｉｃＩｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎＳｙｓｔｅｍｓ．Ａｒｌｉｎｇｔｏｎ，２００６：１７１１７８ ［５８］ＧｈｉｎｉｔａＧ，ＫａｌｎｉｓＰ，ＳｋｉａｄｏｐｏｕｌｏｓＳ．ＭｏｂｉＨｉｄｅ：Ａｍｏｂｉｌｅａ ｐｅｅｒｔｏｐｅｅｒｓｙｓｔｅｍｆｏｒａｎｏｎｙｍｏｕｓｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎｂａｓｅｄｑｕｅｒｉｅｓ／／ Ｐｒｏｃｅｅｄｉｎｇｓｏｆｔｈｅ１０ｔｈＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＳｙｍｐｏｓｉｕｍＡｄｖａｎｃｅｓｉｎ ＳｐａｔｉａｌａｎｄＴｅｍｐｏｒａｌＤａｔａｂａｓｅｓ．Ｂｏｓｔｏｎ，２００７：２２１２３８ ［５９］ＳｏｌａｎａｓＡ，ＭａｒｔｉｎｅｚＢａｌｌｅｓｔｅＡ．ＡＴＴＰｆｒｅｅｐｒｏｔｏｃｏｌｆｏｒ ｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎｐｒｉｖａｃｙｉｎｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎｂａｓｅｄｓｅｒｖｉｃｅｓ．ＣｏｍｐｕｔｅｒＣｏｍ ｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓ，２００８，３１（６）：１１８１１１９１ ［６０］ＧｈｉｎｉｔａＧ，ＫａｌｎｉｓＰ，ＳｋｉａｄｏｐｏｕｌｏｓＳ．ＰＲＩＶＥ：Ａｎｏｎｙｍｏｕｓ ｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎｂａｓｅｄｑｕｅｒｉｅｓｉｎｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｅｄｍｏｂｉｌｅｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ／／Ｐｒｏ ｃｅｅｄｉｎｇｓｏｆｔｈｅ１６ｔｈＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＣｏｎｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｏｎＷｏｒｌｄＷｉｄｅ Ｗｅｂ．Ｂａｎｆｆ，２００７：３７１３８０ ［６１］ＪｅｎｓｅｎＣＳ，ＬｕＨ，ＹａｎｇＢ．Ｇｒａｐｈｍｏｄｅｌｂａｓｅｄｉｎｄｏｏｒｔｒａｃｋ ｉｎｇ／／Ｐｒｏｃｅｅｄｉｎｇｓｏｆｔｈｅ１０ｔｈＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＣｏｎｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｏｎ ＭｏｂｉｌｅＤａｔａＭａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔ：Ｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ，ＳｅｒｖｉｃｅｓａｎｄＭｉｄｄｌｅ ｗａｒｅ．Ｔａｉｐｅｉ，２００９：１２２１３１ ［６２］ＢｅｃｋｅｒＣ，ＤｕｒｒＦ．Ｏｎｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎｍｏｄｅｌｓｆｏｒｕｂｉｑｕｉｔｏｕｓｃｏｍｐｕ ｔｉｎｇ．ＰｅｒｓｏｎａｌＵｂｉｑｕｉｔｏｕｓＣｏｍｐｕｔｉｎｇ，２００５，９（１）：２０３１ ［６３］ＬｅｅＪ．Ａｓｐａｔｉａｌａｃｃｅｓｓｏｒｉｅｎｔｅｄｉｍｐｌｅｍｅｎｔａｔｉｏｎｏｆａ３ＤＧＩＳ ｔｏｐｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｄａｔａｍｏｄｅｌｆｏｒｕｒｂａｎｅｎｔｉｔｉｅｓ．ＧｅｏＩｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｃａ， ２００４，８（３）：２３７２６４ ［６４］ＬｅｅＪ．３ＤＧＩＳｆｏｒｇｅｏｃｏｄｉｎｇｈｕｍａｎａｃｔｉｖｉｔｙｉｎｍｉｃｒｏｓｃａｌｅ ｕｒｂａｎｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔｓ／／Ｐｒｏｃｅｅｄｉｎｇｓｏｆｔｈｅ３ｒｄＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ ＣｏｎｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｏｎＧｅｏｇｒａｐｈｉｃＩｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎＳｃｉｅｎｃｅ．Ａｄｅｌｐｈｉ， ２００４：１６２１７８ ［６５］ＷｈｉｔｉｎｇＥ，ＢａｔｔａｔＪ，ＴｅｌｌｅｒＳ．Ｔｏｐｏｌｏｇｙｏｆｕｒｂａｎｅｎｖｉｒｏｎ ｍｅｎｔｓ／／Ｐｒｏｃｅｅｄｉｎｇｓｏｆｔｈｅ１２ｔｈＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＣｏｍｐｕｔｅｒ ＡｉｄｅｄＡｒｃｈｉｔｅｃｔｕｒａｌＤｅｓｉｇｎＦｕｔｕｒｅｓＣｏｎｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ．Ｓｙｄｎｅｙ， ２００７：１１５ ［６６］ＬｉＤ，ＬｅｅＤＬ．Ａｌａｔｔｉｃｅｂａｓｅｄｓｅｍａｎｔｉｃｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎｍｏｄｅｌｆｏｒ ｉｎｄｏｏｒｎａｖｉｇａｔｉｏｎ／／Ｐｒｏｃｅｅｄｉｎｇｓｏｆｔｈｅ９ｔｈＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＣｏｎ ｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｏｎＭｏｂｉｌｅＤａｔａＭａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔ．Ｂｅｉｊｉｎｇ，２００８：１７２４ ［６７］ＪｅｎｓｅｎＣＳ，ＬｕＨ，ＹａｎｇＢ．Ｉｎｄｅｘｉｎｇｔｈｅｔｒａｊｅｃｔｏｒｉｅｓｏｆｍｏｖ ｉｎｇｏｂｊｅｃｔｓｉｎｓｙｍｂｏｌｉｃｉｎｄｏｏｒｓｐａｃｅ／／Ｐｒｏｃｅｅｄｉｎｇｓｏｆｔｈｅ１１ｔｈ ＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＳｙｍｐｏｓｉｕｍｏｎＡｄｖａｎｃｅｓｉｎＳｐａｔｉａｌａｎｄＴｅｍｐｏ ｒａｌＤａｔａｂａｓｅｓ．Ａａｌｂｏｒｇ，２００９：２０８２２７ ［６８］ＹａｎｇＢ，ＬｕＨ，ＪｅｎｓｅｎＣＳ．Ｓｃａｌａｂｌｅｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｏｕｓｒａｎｇｅｍｏｎｉ ｔｏｒｉｎｇｏｆｍｏｖｉｎｇｏｂｊｅｃｔｓｉｎｓｙｍｂｏｌｉｃｉｎｄｏｏｒｓｐａｃｅ／／Ｐｒｏｃｅｅｄ ｉｎｇｓｏｆｔｈｅ１８ｔｈＡＣＭＣｏｎｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｏｎＩｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎａｎｄＫｎｏｗｌ ｅｄｇｅＭａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔ．ＨｏｎｇＫｏｎｇ，Ｃｈｉｎａ，２００９：６７１６８０ ［６９］ＷｏｌｆｓｏｎＯ，ＳｉｓｔｌａＰＡ，ＣｈａｍｂｅｒｌａｉｎＳ，ＹｅｓｈａＹ．Ｕｐｄａｔｉｎｇ ａｎｄｑｕｅｒｙｉｎｇｄａｔａｂａｓｅｓｔｈａｔｔｒａｃｋｍｏｂｉｌｅｕｎｉｔｓ．Ｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｅｄ ａｎｄＰａｒａｌｌｅｌＤａｔａｂａｓｅｓ，１９９９，７（３）：２５７３８７ ［７０］ＰｆｏｓｅｒＤ，ＪｅｎｓｅｎＣＳ．Ｃａｐｔｕｒｉｎｇｔｈｅｕｎｃｅｒｔａｉｎｔｙｏｆｍｏｖｉｎｇ ｏｂｊｅｃｔｓｒｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｔａｔｉｏｎｓ／／Ｐｒｏｃｅｅｄｉｎｇｓｏｆｔｈｅ６ｔｈＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ ＳｙｍｐｏｓｉｕｍｏｎＡｄｖａｎｃｅｓｉｎＳｐａｔｉａｌＤａｔａｂａｓｅｓ．ＨｏｎｇＫｏｎｇ， Ｃｈｉｎａ，１９９９：１１１１３２ ［７１］ＣｈｅｎｇＲ，ＫａｌａｓｈｎｉｋｏｖＤＶ，ＰｒａｂｈａｋａｒＳ．Ｑｕｅｒｙｉｎｇｉｍｐｒｅ ｃｉｓｅｄａｔａｉｎｍｏｖｉｎｇｏｂｊｅｃｔｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔｓ．ＩＥＥＥＴｒａｎｓａｃｔｉｏｎｓ ｏｎＫｎｏｗｌｅｄｇｅａｎｄＤａｔａＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，２００４，１６（９）：１１１２ １１２７ ［７２］ＺｈａｎｇＭ，ＣｈｅｎＳ，ＪｅｎｓｅｎＣＳ，ＯｏｉＢＣ，ＺｈａｎｇＺ．Ｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅ ｌｙｉｎｄｅｘｉｎｇｕｎｃｅｒｔａｉｎｍｏｖｉｎｇｏｂｊｅｃｔｓｆｏｒｐｒｅｄｉｃｔｉｖｅｑｕｅｒｉｅｓ／／ ＰｒｏｃｅｅｄｉｎｇｓｏｆｔｈｅＶＬＤＢＥｎｄｏｗｍｅｎｔ．Ｌｙｏｎ，２００９，２（１）： １１９８１２０９ ７期 周傲英等：基于位置的服务：架构与进展 １１６９