Index 375 combining marketing strategy with individual 177 of industry and technology 33-4 combining product strategy with 59-60 interaction between tacit and explicit management 157-65 decisions 76 and skills in product development process267-8,290-1 of society 32-3 sources of 169-72 programme 78-84 strategic directions for 157-61 getting the strategy right 69-78 tacit see tacit knowledge incorporating into business strategy 45, technology, food system and 150-7 46.5964 knowledge creation 34-5, 121, 183-91 the food system 66 in the company 183-8 slanning product development managing 188-91 and movement in the food system possibilities for innovation 46-59 quantitative analysis 74-5 knowledge systems 161-5 trategic and operational analysis 71-4 lagging metrics 359, 360, 363 nnovation summary 59 launch see product launch and evaluation innovativeness of consumers 207-8 leading metrics 359. 360. 363 instrumental values of consumers 201 lean launch strategy 127-8 learning metrics 359, 360 commercialisation I compared with collaboration 266 low-budget conservative strategy 87 innovation metrics into the business 36-3 management/managers 27-9 knowledge systems 162-5 key decision points and decision product design and proces makers 271-5 development 111-12 knowledge creation 188-90 of pd team 296-7. 302 layers of management 262-7 of projects 91 management systems 307-14 work of outside agencies 304- product development managers 262-3 interactions of sensory attributes 221-3 64-5.273-4,3 internal project management 299-304 project leaders 265, 274-5 invention 156 strategic directions for knowledge investment intensive sector 151 l5861 involvement of consumer 200-1 top management 27-9, 76, 271-3, 293 food choice 205 total innovation management 76-8 irradiation 183 see also product deve anagement judgement 200-1 mango product development 317, 327-32 knowledge 91, 145-93, 351 manufacturers 5-6, 65, 66, 180 and information 34-5, 153-5, 169-76 market position 63, 83-4 of the changing environment 32-5 market segments 5-6 components 181-3 contexts 181-3 conversion between tacit and explici rketing 22-3, 16 l84-5 consumers and marketing design 247-8 explicit see explicit knowledge inPD31.102-4.11923combining marketing strategy with 62–3 combining product strategy with 59–60 combining technology strategy with 60–2 company capabilities and organisation 70–1 decisions 76 developing product development strategy 85–90 focusing product development programme 78–84 getting the strategy right 69–78 incorporating into business strategy 45, 46, 59–64 in the food system 66 planning product development programme 91–2 possibilities for innovation 46–59 quantitative analysis 74–5 strategic and operational analysis 71–4 total innovation management 76–8 innovation summary 59 innovativeness of consumers 207–8 instrumental values of consumers 201 integration commercialisation 123 compared with collaboration 266 innovation metrics into the business 361–3 knowledge systems 162–5 product design and process development 111–12 of PD team 296–7, 302 of projects 91 work of outside agencies 304–7 interactions of sensory attributes 221–3 internal project management 299–304 invention 156 investment intensive sector 151 involvement of consumer 200–1 food choice 205 irradiation 183 judgement 200–1 knowledge 91, 145–93, 351 and information 34–5, 153–5, 169–76 of the changing environment 32–5 components 181–3 contexts 181–3 conversion between tacit and explicit 184–5 explicit see explicit knowledge individual 177–8 of industry and technology 33–4 interaction between tacit and explicit 184–6 management 157–65 necessary knowledge for product development 165–76 and skills in product development process 267–8, 290–1 of society 32–3 sources of 169–72 strategic directions for 157–61 tacit see tacit knowledge technology, food system and 150–7 knowledge creation 34–5, 121, 183–91 in the company 183–8 managing 188–91 and movement in the food system 153–7 knowledge systems 161–5 lagging metrics 359, 360, 363 launch see product launch and evaluation leading metrics 359, 360, 363 lean launch strategy 127–8 learning metrics 359, 360 logistics 127–8 low-budget conservative strategy 87 management/managers 27–9 key decision points and decision makers 271–5 knowledge creation 188–90 layers of management 262–7 management systems 307–14 product development managers 262–3, 264–5, 273–4, 310 project leaders 265, 274–5 strategic directions for knowledge 158–61 top management 27–9, 76, 271–3, 293 total innovation management 76–8 see also product development management mango product development 317, 327–32, 346 manufacturers 5–6, 65, 66, 180 market position 63, 83–4 market segments 5–6 market specialisation 52 market success 12 marketing 22–3, 167 consumers and marketing design 247–8 in PD 31, 102–4, 119–23 Index 375