Concentrated sulfuric acio increases the rate of the reaction by increasing the concentration of the electrophile-the nitronium ion (NO2) Step 1 H-o-N+ HOSO3H H——-o—NO2+HSO4 Lewis base Lewis acid 质子化硝酸 step2H-9—No2+n250 NO2+ H3O HSO4 Nitronium ion 硝基正离子Concentrated sulfuric acid increases the rate of the reaction by increasing the concentration of the electrophile-the nitronium ion (NO2 + ) Step 1 H O N O O + HOSO3H H O H NO2 + HSO4 - + Lewis base Lewis acid 质 子 化 硝 酸 Step 2 H O H NO2 + + H2 SO4 + NO2 + H3O + + HSO4 - Nitronium ion 硝 基 正 离 子