Steady state Image removed due to copyright considerations k R R k R 4/I+k R for the rest of the calculations ignoreXfor I and ASteady state: R ss ss R R ss ss ss I I ss A A ss k A I k k A I R S k k I S k k A − − − + = = = * * * * * * * / / Image removed due to copyright considerations. for the rest of the calculations ignore ‘*’ for I and A ! 9